Respon Jagung Hibrida (Zea mays L.) Terhadap Jarak Tanam dan Jumlah Tanaman per Lubang Tanam

Abstract

Permintaan jagung di Indonesia semakin meningkat dari tahun ke tahun. Untuk memenuhinya maka diperlukan peningkatan produksi. Salah satu cara yang dapat dilakukan yaitu dengan mengatur jarak tanam dan jumlah tanaman per lubang tanam. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Marisa Kabupaten Pohuwato yang berlangsung mulai bulan Maret 2023 sampai Juli 2023. Penelitian ini berbentuk percobaan faktorial 2 faktor dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK). Faktor pertama yaitu jarak tanam 50x20 cm, jarak tanam 70x20 cm, jarak tanam 100x20 cm dan jarak tanam 100x40 cm. Faktor kedua yaitu jumlah tanaman perlubang tanam (B) yang terdiri dari: 1 tanaman per lubang tanam, 2 tanaman per lubang tanam. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa jarak tanam 100x40 cm memberikan respon terbaik pada komponen pengamatan panjang tongkol (36,82 cm), lingkar tongkol (27,60 cm), bobot tongkol (372,50 gr) dan bobot jagung pipil/tanaman (370 gr). Sedangkan jumlah benih yang memberikan respon terbaik yaitu 1 benih per lubang  tanam pada komponen rata-rata jumlah daun 56 HST (58,67 helai), lingkar tongkol (54,97 cm) dan bobot jagung pipil/tanaman (707 gr). The demand for corn in Indonesia is increasing from year to year. To fulfill it, it is necessary to increase production. One way that can be done is to adjust the spacing and the number of plants per planting hole. This research was carried out in Marisa District, Pohuwato Regency which took place from March 2023 to July 2023. This research was in the form of a 2-factor factorial experiment in a randomized block design (RBD). The first factor is the planting distance of 50x20 cm, spacing 70x20 cm, spacing of 100x20 cm and spacing of 100x40cm. The second factor is the number of planting holes (B) consisting of: 1 plant per planting hole, 2 plants per planting hole. The results of this study showed that a planting distance of 100x40 cm gave the best response to the observation components of cob length (36.82 cm), cob circumference (27.60 cm), cob weight (372.50 gr) and shelled corn/plant weight (370 gr ). Meanwhile, the number of seeds that gave the best response was 1 seed per planting hole with an average component of leaf number 56 DAT (58.67 pieces), cob circumference (54.97 cm) and weight of shelled corn/plant (707 gr).