Efficacy of upper limb training on grip strength and muscle activity in individuals with type 2 diabetes: a feasibility study

IF 0.6 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Comparative Exercise Physiology Pub Date : 2023-10-23 DOI:10.1163/17552559-20230009

M. Boora, J. Kaur

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Abstract

The upper limb (UL) is one of the important target for musculoskeletal complications in patients with diabetes. The objective of this trial was to measure the feasibility and clinical effectiveness of upper limb training on grip strength and muscle activity in individuals with Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A parallel three-arm randomised controlled trial (RCT) was employed. Fifty-seven patients with T2DM aged between 35 to 60 years were recruited based on eligibility criteria and asked to visit the outpatient department (OPD) of physiotherapy. They were randomly allocated into 3 groups; resistance training (RT) group; sensorimotor training (SMT) group; and control group with the help of a computer-generated random number table. Primary outcome measures were recruitment rate, outcome measure, retention rate, adherence, and acceptability of the intervention to assess trial feasibility. The efficacy of training on grip strength and on activation of deltoid, bicep and triceps brachii after 6 weeks was measured using a JAMAR hand dynamometer and S4-channel Neurostim EMG/NCV/EP system, respectively. The feasibility of recruitment rate of participants was 72.15%, outcome measures feasibility was 81%, retention rate of participants was 81% and intervention adherence was 91.34% for RT group & 87.41% for SMT group. Most of the participants were satisfied with the given intervention as the acceptance rate was high. Between and within-group analysis of muscular activity and strength shows a significant difference as the P-value was < 0.05. RT group shows maximum improvement in both outcome measures. This study was feasible and well accepted by participants. Therefore, it is possible to perform a fully powered RCT and to use upper limb training in the future for good clinical management in type 2 diabetic population. This trial was registered under the Clinical Trial Registry of India (CTRI) with registration no. CTRI/2021/06/034188.

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上肢训练对 2 型糖尿病患者握力和肌肉活动的功效：一项可行性研究

上肢（UL）是糖尿病患者出现肌肉骨骼并发症的重要目标之一。本试验旨在测量上肢训练对 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）患者握力和肌肉活动的可行性和临床效果。试验采用了平行三臂随机对照试验（RCT）。研究人员根据资格标准招募了 57 名年龄在 35 至 60 岁之间的 T2DM 患者，并要求他们到物理治疗门诊部（OPD）就诊。在计算机生成的随机数字表帮助下，他们被随机分配为三组：阻力训练组（RT）、感觉运动训练组（SMT）和对照组。主要结果指标包括招募率、结果测量、保留率、坚持率和干预的可接受性，以评估试验的可行性。6 周后，使用 JAMAR 手部测力计和 S4 通道 Neurostim EMG/NCV/EP 系统分别测量训练对握力以及三角肌、二头肌和肱三头肌激活的效果。参与者招募的可行性为 72.15%，结果测量的可行性为 81%，参与者保留率为 81%，RT 组和 SMT 组的干预坚持率分别为 91.34% 和 87.41%。大多数参与者对干预措施表示满意，接受率很高。肌肉活动和力量的组间和组内分析表明，P 值小于 0.05，差异显著。RT 组在这两项结果指标上的改善幅度最大。这项研究是可行的，并得到了参与者的广泛认可。因此，有可能进行一项完全有效的 RCT 研究，并在未来利用上肢训练对 2 型糖尿病患者进行良好的临床管理。该试验已在印度临床试验注册中心（CTRI）注册，注册号为.CTRI/2021/06/034188.

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来源期刊

Comparative Exercise Physiology VETERINARY SCIENCES-

CiteScore

1.50

自引率

11.10%

发文量

期刊介绍： ''Comparative Exercise Physiology'' is the only international peer-reviewed scientific journal specifically dealing with the latest research in exercise physiology across all animal species, including humans. The major objective of the journal is to use this comparative approach to better understand the physiological, nutritional, and biochemical parameters that determine levels of performance and athletic achievement. Core subjects include exercise physiology, biomechanics, gait (including the effect of riders in equestrian sport), nutrition and biochemistry, injury and rehabilitation, psychology and behaviour, and breeding and genetics. This comparative and integrative approach to exercise science ultimately highlights the similarities as well as the differences between humans, horses, dogs, and other athletic or non-athletic species during exercise. The result is a unique forum for new information that serves as a resource for all who want to understand the physiological challenges with exercise.