Metabolic effects of training endurance horses in a field setting

IF 0.6 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Comparative Exercise Physiology Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI:10.1163/17552559-20220051

M.E. Downer, D.R. Hodgson, B.D. Grant, M.S. Davis, W. Bayly

{"title":"Metabolic effects of training endurance horses in a field setting","authors":"M.E. Downer, D.R. Hodgson, B.D. Grant, M.S. Davis, W. Bayly","doi":"10.1163/17552559-20220051","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Changes in serum biochemistry and skeletal muscle of horses in response to individual endurance rides of varying distance have been reported, as have the effects of submaximal treadmill training. This study evaluated the effects of a controlled field endurance training programme on energy metabolism. Five Arabian horses 6.8 ± 2.0 years (mean ± standard deviation) were trained for 16 weeks over progressively longer distances. The biceps femoris, triceps long head, and semitendinosus muscles were biopsied before and after 4-weekly runs of 10, 20 and 30 miles, respectively, and before and after 10, 20, 30 and 50 miles of a fourth run at the end of the training programme to measure 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA-dehydrogenase (HAD) and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activities and triglyceride (TG) and glycogen concentrations in those biopsies. Blood samples were obtained simultaneously to measure serum TG, free fatty acid (FFA), glycerol, glucagon, insulin, and cortisol concentrations. Data were analysed using RM-ANOVA for effects of training and distance. was considered significant. Training increased resting glycogen and TG concentrations in the biceps (, ), triceps (, ) and semitendinosus (, ), respectively. Both HAD and SDH activities increased in the biceps femoris (; ) and triceps (; ), respectively, but not in the semitendinosus. There was no training effect detected on serum hormone responses to exercise distance although serum glycerol (), glucagon () and cortisol () concentrations increased with increasing run distance, while insulin concentration decreased (). Glucagon and cortisol concentrations were correlated (r = 0.67; ). Serum TG decreased with exercise but at a slower rate following training, and serum FFA were higher during exercise following training when compared to the partially trained state. Overall, endurance training enhanced peripheral mobilisation of fat and its utilisation by working muscle, and resting muscle glycogen stores increased.","PeriodicalId":10709,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Exercise Physiology","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6000,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Comparative Exercise Physiology","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1163/17552559-20220051","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"VETERINARY SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Changes in serum biochemistry and skeletal muscle of horses in response to individual endurance rides of varying distance have been reported, as have the effects of submaximal treadmill training. This study evaluated the effects of a controlled field endurance training programme on energy metabolism. Five Arabian horses 6.8 ± 2.0 years (mean ± standard deviation) were trained for 16 weeks over progressively longer distances. The biceps femoris, triceps long head, and semitendinosus muscles were biopsied before and after 4-weekly runs of 10, 20 and 30 miles, respectively, and before and after 10, 20, 30 and 50 miles of a fourth run at the end of the training programme to measure 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA-dehydrogenase (HAD) and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activities and triglyceride (TG) and glycogen concentrations in those biopsies. Blood samples were obtained simultaneously to measure serum TG, free fatty acid (FFA), glycerol, glucagon, insulin, and cortisol concentrations. Data were analysed using RM-ANOVA for effects of training and distance. was considered significant. Training increased resting glycogen and TG concentrations in the biceps (, ), triceps (, ) and semitendinosus (, ), respectively. Both HAD and SDH activities increased in the biceps femoris (; ) and triceps (; ), respectively, but not in the semitendinosus. There was no training effect detected on serum hormone responses to exercise distance although serum glycerol (), glucagon () and cortisol () concentrations increased with increasing run distance, while insulin concentration decreased (). Glucagon and cortisol concentrations were correlated (r = 0.67; ). Serum TG decreased with exercise but at a slower rate following training, and serum FFA were higher during exercise following training when compared to the partially trained state. Overall, endurance training enhanced peripheral mobilisation of fat and its utilisation by working muscle, and resting muscle glycogen stores increased.

查看原文本刊更多论文

野外耐力马训练对代谢的影响

有报道称，不同距离的耐力训练会导致马匹血清生化指标和骨骼肌发生变化，亚极限跑步机训练的效果也是如此。本研究评估了受控野外耐力训练计划对能量代谢的影响。对五匹 6.8 ± 2.0 岁（平均值 ± 标准差）的阿拉伯马进行了为期 16 周的长距离训练。股二头肌、肱三头肌长头和半腱肌分别在每 4 周跑 10、20 和 30 英里前后，以及在训练计划结束时第四次跑 10、20、30 和 50 英里前后进行活检，以测量这些活检组织中 3-羟基乙酰-CoA-脱氢酶 (HAD) 和琥珀酸脱氢酶 (SDH) 的活性以及甘油三酯 (TG) 和糖原浓度。同时采集血样以测量血清 TG、游离脂肪酸 (FFA)、甘油、胰高血糖素、胰岛素和皮质醇的浓度。使用 RM-ANOVA 对数据进行分析，以确定训练和距离的影响。训练分别增加了肱二头肌（，）、肱三头肌（，）和半腱肌（，）的静息糖原和 TG 浓度。股二头肌（；）和肱三头肌（；）的 HAD 和 SDH 活性分别增加，但半腱肌没有增加。虽然血清甘油（）、胰高血糖素（）和皮质醇（）的浓度随着跑步距离的增加而增加，而胰岛素的浓度则下降（），但没有发现训练对血清激素对运动距离的反应有影响。胰高血糖素和皮质醇的浓度存在相关性（r = 0.67；）。血清总胆固醇随运动而下降，但训练后下降速度较慢；与部分训练状态相比，训练后运动时血清中的脂肪酸含量较高。总体而言，耐力训练增强了外周脂肪的动员和工作肌肉对脂肪的利用，静息肌糖原储存也有所增加。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Comparative Exercise Physiology VETERINARY SCIENCES-

CiteScore

1.50

自引率

11.10%

发文量

期刊介绍： ''Comparative Exercise Physiology'' is the only international peer-reviewed scientific journal specifically dealing with the latest research in exercise physiology across all animal species, including humans. The major objective of the journal is to use this comparative approach to better understand the physiological, nutritional, and biochemical parameters that determine levels of performance and athletic achievement. Core subjects include exercise physiology, biomechanics, gait (including the effect of riders in equestrian sport), nutrition and biochemistry, injury and rehabilitation, psychology and behaviour, and breeding and genetics. This comparative and integrative approach to exercise science ultimately highlights the similarities as well as the differences between humans, horses, dogs, and other athletic or non-athletic species during exercise. The result is a unique forum for new information that serves as a resource for all who want to understand the physiological challenges with exercise.