Determinan Kesehatan dan Faktor Risiko Komorbiditas Terhadap Penderita Tuberkulosis (TB) COVID-19

Abstract

Tuberculosis remains a global problem with an estimated 10.6 million cases in 2021. Indonesia ranks third with 969 thousand TB cases. The COVID-19 pandemic has led to co-infections of TB and COVID-19, which can worsen the clinical status of TB patients. This research aims to determine the influence of health determinants and comorbidity risk factors on TB COVID-19 patients in Tebing Tinggi, North Sumatra from 2020 to 2022. The study is a matched case-control study. Secondary data from the TB Information System (SiTB) and All Record COVID-19 for North Sumatra Province were used. The sample consisted of 36 individuals with a 1:1 case-control ratio. Multivariate data analysis was performed using logistic regression. The research yielded 36 cases of TB COVID-19 and 36 cases of TB. Bivariate analysis showed that treatment access, nutritional status, income, environment, hypertension, and HIV were not associated with TB COVID-19 occurrence (p> 0.05). There was a relationship between comorbid diabetes (DM) and TB COVID-19 occurrence (p-value = 0.038). The most dominant risk factor for TB COVID-19 occurrence was comorbid DM with a p-value of 0.023 and an odds ratio (OR) of 0.06 (95% CI 0.00053-0.676). Comorbid DM as predictor reduces the risk of TB COVID-19 incidence. It is important for TB patients with comorbid DM to maintain normal blood sugar levels by regularly monitoring their blood sugar