Whitefly distribution and interaction with endosymbionts in the state of Paraná

Juarez Pires Tomaz, João Vitor Liachi Cobianchi, Luíza Sales Lima, Luciano Mendes de Oliveira, A. T. Hoshino, H. G. Androcioli
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Abstract

Whiteflies comprise a complex of cryptic species that are genetically distinct but morphologically indistinguishable. Among them, Bemisia tabaci and Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Tvap) are the most prominent species causing agricultural damage. In Brazil, three B. tabaci species have been identified: New World (NW), Middle East-Asia Minor (MEAM1), and Mediterranean (MED). Whiteflies establish symbiotic associations with endosymbiotic bacteria, conferring adaptive advantages to the insects. The objective of this study was to identify whitefly species in municipalities of the state of Paraná and investigate their interactions with endosymbiotic bacteria. Insects were collected in 14 municipalities across different edaphoclimatic regions of Paraná, either in agricultural crops or on weeds. Molecular analyses, based on previously published PCR-based methods, were used to identify the insects and their respective endosymbionts. The results revealed that B. tabaci MEAM1, MED, NW, and Tvap accounted for 39.8%, 27.0%, 6.3%, and 23.7% of the collected specimens, respectively. These insects exhibited interactions with endosymbiont genera such as Portiera, Arsenophonus, Rickettsia, Hamiltonella, and Wolbachia, either in isolation or through co-infection. In some instances, interactions with up to five endosymbionts were observed in specific locations. The occurrence of Tvap in open fields and the prevalence of MED, particularly in the southeast of the state, where temperatures are milder, along with their interactions with endosymbionts providing adaptive advantages to the insects, raise significant phytosanitary concerns for the agricultural security of Paraná.
巴拉那州的粉虱分布及其与内生共生体的相互作用
粉虱是由基因上不同但形态上无法区分的隐蔽种类组成的复合体。其中,烟粉虱(Bemisia tabaci)和烟粉虱(Trialeurodes vaporariorum,Tvap)是造成农业损害的最主要种类。在巴西,已经确定了三个 B. tabaci 物种:新世界(NW)、中东-小亚细亚(MEAM1)和地中海(MED)。粉虱与内共生细菌建立共生关系,为昆虫带来适应优势。本研究旨在确定巴拉那州各市的粉虱种类,并调查它们与内生细菌的相互作用。研究人员在巴拉那州不同气候区的 14 个城市收集了农作物或杂草上的昆虫。根据之前公布的基于 PCR 的方法进行了分子分析,以确定昆虫及其各自的内生菌。结果表明,在收集到的标本中,虎斑蝶 MEAM1、MED、NW 和 Tvap 分别占 39.8%、27.0%、6.3% 和 23.7%。这些昆虫表现出与内共生菌属的相互作用,如 Portiera、Arsenophonus、立克次体、Hamiltonella 和 Wolbachia,有的是单独感染,有的是共同感染。在某些情况下,在特定地点观察到与多达五种内生共生体的相互作用。Tvap 在露天田地中的出现和 MED 的流行(尤其是在气温较低的该州东南部),以及它们与为昆虫提供适应优势的内共生体之间的相互作用,对巴拉那州的农业安全提出了重大的植物检疫问题。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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