Elasticity of Demand for Avocado to the European Market and the United States, Years 2010 – 2020

IF 1.7 Q2 Social Sciences

Migration Letters Pub Date : 2023-11-12 DOI:10.59670/ml.v20is9.4834

Alberto Valenzuela Muñoz, Carlos Berrnardino Ruiz Huaraz, Ángel Antonio Panaspaico Medina, Rodolfo Jorge Aragon Rosadio, Dario Emiliano Medina Castro, Tomas Cotrina Trigozo

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Abstract

The analysis was carried out for the period from 2010 to 2020, where the production and export volumes of avocado to European and North American countries are shown. The objective of this study is to determine the elasticity of demand for avocado in these countries. “Since Alfred Marshall included it in his work Principles of Economics. An analysis is made of the statistical series of each variable, its historical evolution, as well as its individual trends. Based on the following econometric model: Qd(t) = βo + β1(P)t +β2(Yp)t + β3(TC)t + β4(N) + u Eviews 9.0 software was used, applying a log-log econometric model where the data series are given in years. To measure the elasticity of demand for avocado, the indicators used were consumption, population, per capita income in dollars, and the international price of avocado in dollars. In the Netherlands, the demand for Peruvian avocado shows the following behavior: A 1% increase in price causes a reduction in demand of 0.16 %. An increase in per capita income of 1% causes the demand for avocado to increase by 2.7%. A 1% increase in population causes the demand of avocado to increase by 8.23 %. In Spain, the demand for Peruvian avocados shows the following behavior: A 1% increase in price generates a reduction in demand of 0.09 %. If per capita income increases by 1%, the demand for avocado increases by 0.13 %. A 1% increase in population generates that the demand for avocado increases by 3.49%. In the U.S., demand for Peruvian avocados shows the following behavior: A 1% increase in price generates a reduction in demand of 1.25%. If per capita income increases by 1%, the demand for avocado increases by 16.99%. A 1% increase in population causes the demand for avocado to decrease by 1.38%. In ENGLAND, the demand for Peruvian avocado shows the following behavior: A 1% increase in price generates a reduction in demand of 0.03 %. If per capita income increases by 1%, the demand for avocado decreases by 0.47%. A 1% increase in population generates that the demand for avocado increases by 3.62%.

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2010-2020 年欧洲市场和美国市场对牛油果的需求弹性

该分析是针对 2010 年至 2020 年这一时期进行的，其中显示了牛油果的产量以及向欧洲和北美国家的出口量。这项研究的目的是确定这些国家对牛油果的需求弹性。"自从阿尔弗雷德-马歇尔（Alfred Marshall）在其著作《经济学原理》（Principles of Economics）中纳入牛油果需求弹性以来，牛油果的需求弹性已成为经济学研究的一个重要领域。对每个变量的统计序列、历史演变及其个别趋势进行了分析。基于以下计量经济学模型 Qd(t) = βo + β1(P)t + β2(Yp)t + β3(TC)t + β4(N) + u 使用 Eviews 9.0 软件，应用对数-对数计量经济学模型，数据序列以年为单位。为测量牛油果的需求弹性，使用了消费、人口、人均收入（美元）和牛油果的国际价格（美元）等指标。在荷兰，对秘鲁牛油果的需求表现如下：价格每上涨 1%，需求量就会减少 0.16%。人均收入增加 1%，牛油果需求量增加 2.7%。人口增加 1%，牛油果需求量增加 8.23%。在西班牙，对秘鲁牛油果的需求表现如下：价格上涨 1%，需求量减少 0.09%。如果人均收入增加 1%，牛油果的需求量就会增加 0.13%。人口增加 1%，牛油果需求量增加 3.49%。在美国，对秘鲁牛油果的需求表现如下：价格上涨 1%，需求量减少 1.25%。如果人均收入增加 1%，牛油果的需求量就会增加 16.99%。人口增加 1%，牛油果需求量减少 1.38%。在英格兰，对秘鲁牛油果的需求表现如下：价格上涨 1%，需求量减少 0.03%。如果人均收入增加 1%，牛油果的需求量就会减少 0.47%。人口增加 1%，牛油果需求量增加 3.62%。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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