Primary ovarian insufficiency- An overview: Part 2 diagnosis and management

R. Mondal, Mouli Nandi, Priyadarshi Mandal
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Abstract

Loss of normal ovarian function before the age of 40 characterizes primary ovarian insufficiency (POI), sometimes called premature ovarian failure or early menopause. Many women all around the globe deal with this serious reproductive health issue. The purpose of this study is to provide a broad perspective on how to identify and treat primary ovarian insufficiency. Clinical symptoms, hormone profiles, and ovarian imaging all play a role in making a diagnosis of POI. Genetic predisposition, autoimmune disease, and medical intervention are all possible origins. Counseling and treatment techniques for afflicted women can only be used when a timely and correct diagnosis has been made. Hormone replacement treatment (HRT) for symptom alleviation, avoidance of long-term consequences including osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease, and preservation of fertility are all part of the management of postmenopausal irritability (POI). To reduce the severity of menopausal symptoms and safeguard bone health, oestrogen replacement treatment is needed. HRT selection should be patient-specific, taking into account factors like as age, co-morbidities, and individual preferences. If a young woman is diagnosed with POI and she wants to have children in the future, she and her doctor should talk about fertility preservation strategies such oocyte or ovarian tissue cryopreservation. The latest treatments and possible revolutionary methods to POI management are also discussed in this overview. Stem cell therapy, ovarian tissue transplantation, and hormone manipulation are all examples of such unproven methods. While these treatments are still in their infancy, they show promise for the future of POI management. In conclusion, this review article gives a comprehensive, up-to-date explanation of how primary ovarian insufficiency is diagnosed and treated. Early detection, proper counselling, and individualised treatment plans are emphasised for afflicted females. The reproductive and overall health results of these people may be improved with a deeper knowledge of the processes producing POI and the development of more effective medicines.
原发性卵巢功能不全--概述:第二部分 诊断和管理
40 岁前丧失正常卵巢功能是原发性卵巢功能不全(POI)的特征,有时也称为卵巢早衰或更年期提前。全球许多妇女都面临着这一严重的生殖健康问题。本研究的目的是为如何识别和治疗原发性卵巢功能不全提供一个广阔的视角。临床症状、激素水平和卵巢造影在诊断原发性卵巢功能不全中都起着重要作用。遗传易感性、自身免疫性疾病和医疗干预都是可能的起源。只有及时做出正确诊断,才能为患病妇女提供咨询和治疗技术。激素替代疗法(HRT)可减轻症状,避免骨质疏松症和心血管疾病等长期后果,并可保留生育能力,这些都是绝经后烦躁症(POI)治疗方法的一部分。为了减轻更年期症状的严重程度并保护骨骼健康,需要进行雌激素替代治疗。雌激素替代疗法的选择应根据患者的具体情况而定,并考虑到年龄、并发症和个人偏好等因素。如果一名年轻女性被诊断出患有 POI,并且她希望将来有孩子,那么她和她的医生就应该讨论生育力保存策略,如卵母细胞或卵巢组织冷冻保存。本概述还将讨论 POI 治疗的最新疗法和可能的革命性方法。干细胞疗法、卵巢组织移植和激素操作都是未经证实的方法。虽然这些疗法仍处于起步阶段,但它们为 POI 治疗的未来带来了希望。总之,这篇综述文章对如何诊断和治疗原发性卵巢功能不全进行了全面、最新的解释。文章强调了对患病女性的早期检测、适当咨询和个性化治疗方案。随着对原发性卵巢功能不全产生过程的深入了解和更有效药物的开发,这些患者的生殖和整体健康状况可能会得到改善。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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