Investigation of Source and Reservoir Rock Petroleum Generative Potential of Early Eocene and Paleocene Sequences of the Punjab Platform Basin, Pakistan: A Geochemical and Petrophysical Approach

Syed Bilawal Ali Shah
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Abstract

––Investigating Early Eocene and Paleocene deposits within the Punjab Platform, Pakistan, involved comprehensive analysis using advanced geochemical and petrophysical techniques. This study evaluates the source potential of three formations: Nammal and Sakesar of Early Eocene age and Dungan and Ranikot of Palaeocene age. The Sakesar Formation, a reservoir rock, was evaluated through interpretation of wireline logs to estimate key petrophysical properties—porosity, water saturation, and hydrocarbon saturation. Geochemical investigations focused on total organic carbon content and Rock-Eval pyrolysis of twenty-one cutting samples from a well. These samples displayed TOC values ranging from 0.21 to 2.04 wt.% and S2 values ranging from 0.09 to 2.14 mg HC/g rock. Analysis positioned all samples within the immature window zone with Type II/III and Type III kerogen, suggesting limited generative potential. Findings suggest limited hydrocarbon generation from these formations. Petrophysical analysis indicated average porosity of 11.2%, water saturation of 32.58%, and hydrocarbon saturation of 67.42% for the Sakesar Formation, categorizing it as average to good reservoir potential. This study highlights complex geochemical and petrophysical characteristics of these formations. While Sakesar shows promising reservoir qualities, significant hydrocarbon generation potential from Nammal, Dungan, and Ranikot formations is constrained. Informed decision-making is crucial when considering these formations as hydrocarbon sources.
巴基斯坦旁遮普平台盆地早始新世和古新世层序的源岩和储层岩石油生成潜力调查:地球化学和岩石物理方法
--研究巴基斯坦旁遮普地台的早始新世和古新世矿床,需要利用先进的地球化学和岩石物理技术进行综合分析。本研究评估了三个地层的来源潜力:这三个地层是:早始新世的纳玛尔地层和萨克萨尔地层,以及古新世的邓甘地层和拉尼科特地层。Sakesar 地层是一种储集岩,研究人员通过解释有线测井记录来评估其主要岩石物理特性--孔隙度、含水饱和度和碳氢化合物饱和度。地球化学调查的重点是总有机碳含量和对油井中 21 个切割样本的 Rock-Eval 热解。这些样本的总有机碳含量在 0.21 至 2.04 wt.% 之间,S2 值在 0.09 至 2.14 mg HC/g 岩石之间。分析表明,所有样本都位于不成熟窗口区,属于 II/III 型和 III 型角质,表明生成潜力有限。分析结果表明,这些地层生成的碳氢化合物有限。岩石物理分析表明,Sakesar 地层的平均孔隙度为 11.2%,水饱和度为 32.58%,碳氢化合物饱和度为 67.42%,储层潜力从一般到良好。这项研究强调了这些地层复杂的地球化学和岩石物理特征。虽然 Sakesar 地层显示出良好的储层质量,但 Nammal、Dungan 和 Ranikot 地层的巨大碳氢化合物生成潜力却受到限制。在考虑将这些地层作为碳氢化合物来源时,知情决策至关重要。
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