Nutritional Status of Adolescents in Public and Private Secondary Schools in Asaba, Delta State, Nigeria

European Journal of Nutrition & Food Safety Pub Date : 2023-11-18 DOI:10.9734/ejnfs/2023/v15i111359

Afe, J. E., Ubajaka, C. F., Okoye, A. C.

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Abstract

This study aimed to compare the nutritional status of adolescents in private and public secondary schools in Asaba, Delta State. A cross-sectional analytical design was conducted among 282 adolescents from private day, private boarding and public secondary schools, selected by multistage sampling technique. Anthropometrics measures and socio-demographic characteristics data were collected using pretested questionnaire. Using WHO-reference-2007, height, BMI and weight-for-age were measured for stunting, wasting and underweight respectively and BMI-for-age for overweight and obesity. The collected data were entered in to Microsoft Excel and exported to SPSS for further statistical analysis. Chi-square test at 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to quantify independent variables of nutritional indices. The mean age of the students in public, private day, and private boarding schools were 14.28±2.79, 13.54±2.24, and 14.04±2.53 years, respectively. The prevalence of stunting, thinness, underweight, normal weight and overweight among public school participants was 31, 35, 29, 71, 0% respectively; that of private day school participants was 34, 45, 29, 63, 9%, respectively whereas that of private boarding school participants was 39, 47, 23, 61, 16%, respectively. These differences in the underweight and obesity were statistically significant (p<0.05). Statistical analyses revealed significant associations (p<0.05) between socioeconomic levels and underweight, highlighting the vulnerability of adolescents from lower socio-economic backgrounds. The influence of poverty on stunting was particularly pronounced within private boarding schools. The result also showed that there was no significant association between thinness, stunting, underweight and eating patterns among adolescents in all school types, however, significant association were observed for overweight. Thus, nutrition interventions to improve nutritional status of the adolescents through providing comprehensive nutritional assessment and counseling services at community, school, and health facility levels, and creating household’s income-generating activities are recommended before they reach conception to break the intergenerational cycle effect of malnutrition.

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尼日利亚三角洲阿萨巴公立和私立中学青少年的营养状况

本研究旨在比较三角洲州阿萨巴私立中学和公立中学青少年的营养状况。研究采用横断面分析设计，通过多阶段抽样技术从私立走读中学、私立寄宿中学和公立中学选出 282 名青少年。通过预先测试的问卷收集了人体测量数据和社会人口特征数据。采用世界卫生组织 2007 年参考标准，分别测量了发育迟缓、消瘦和体重不足的身高、体重指数和年龄体重，以及超重和肥胖的体重指数。收集到的数据被输入 Microsoft Excel，并导出到 SPSS 进行进一步统计分析。采用置信区间为 95% 的卡方检验来量化营养指数的自变量。公立学校、私立走读学校和私立寄宿学校学生的平均年龄分别为（14.28±2.79）岁、（13.54±2.24）岁和（14.04±2.53）岁。公立学校学生发育不良、瘦弱、体重不足、体重正常和超重的发生率分别为 31%、35%、29%、71%、0%；私立走读学校学生发育不良、瘦弱、体重不足、体重正常和超重的发生率分别为 34%、45%、29%、63%、9%；私立寄宿学校学生发育不良、瘦弱、体重不足、体重正常和超重的发生率分别为 39%、47%、23%、61%、16%。这些体重不足和肥胖的差异在统计学上有显著意义（P<0.05）。统计分析显示，社会经济水平与体重不足之间存在明显关联（p<0.05），这凸显了来自较低社会经济背景的青少年的脆弱性。贫困对发育迟缓的影响在私立寄宿学校尤为明显。研究结果还显示，在所有学校类型中，青少年的瘦弱、发育迟缓、体重不足与饮食模式之间没有显著关联，但超重与饮食模式之间存在显著关联。因此，建议在青少年受孕前采取营养干预措施，通过在社区、学校和卫生机构层面提供全面的营养评估和咨询服务来改善青少年的营养状况，并开展家庭创收活动，以打破营养不良的代际循环效应。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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European Journal of Nutrition & Food Safety

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