Study of the effect of the morphology of initial powders on the structural and dimensional characteristics of SiC-based porous ceramic materials

R. Kapustin, A. O. Kirillov, V. I. Uvarov, V. V. Zakorzhevsky
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Abstract

The realization of the necessary energy-efficient technological solutions for the production of highly porous SiC-ceramic materials requires appropriate research. The results of developing energy-efficient one-step methods for the synthesis of porous SiC-based ceramics and studying the characteristics of the obtained ceramics are presented. The effect of the morphology of initial powders on the synthesized product is considered. Ultrafine silicon carbide powders of two types, identical in characteristic particle size, but quite different in the surface morphology, were used as fillers in the synthesis of experimental samples of porous ceramics. The first one was obtained by the traditional furnace method (SiCf), the second one was synthesized by the technology of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SiCshs). It is shown that the particle morphology of initial powder components determines the structural parameters and characteristics of synthesized porous ceramics. The pore space parameters (average pore size, specific surface area, equivalent hydraulic diameter, permeability, etc.) can vary significantly. Porous ceramic materials synthesized on the basis of SiCf have an open porosity of 47%, high liquid permeability (up to 2 mDarcy), overwhelming dominance of α-SiC phase, and a narrow pore distribution with an average pore size of about 1 μm. High open porosity (more than 58 %), highly developed nanostructured pore space surface with an area of more than 12 m2/g, and wider pore size distribution (average pore size — 140 nm) are observed in porous ceramic materials based on SiCshs. The obtained results can be used to improve energy-efficient synthesis technologies and methods for predicting the properties of highly porous SiC-based ceramic materials. This will make it possible to create highly porous SiC ceramics within a priory predicted limits of effective applicability for the processes of ultrafiltration or catalysis.
研究初始粉末形态对 SiC 基多孔陶瓷材料结构和尺寸特征的影响
要实现生产高多孔碳化硅陶瓷材料所需的高能效技术解决方案,需要进行适当的研究。本文介绍了开发高能效一步法合成多孔碳化硅基陶瓷的成果,以及对所获陶瓷特性的研究。研究考虑了初始粉末形态对合成产物的影响。在合成多孔陶瓷实验样品时,使用了两种类型的超细碳化硅粉末作为填料,它们的特征粒度相同,但表面形态却截然不同。第一种是通过传统炉法获得的(SiCf),第二种是通过自蔓延高温合成技术合成的(SiCshs)。研究表明,初始粉末成分的颗粒形态决定了合成多孔陶瓷的结构参数和特性。孔隙空间参数(平均孔径、比表面积、等效水力直径、渗透率等)会有很大变化。以 SiCf 为基础合成的多孔陶瓷材料的开放孔隙率为 47%,液体渗透率高(达 2 mDarcy),α-SiC 相占优势,孔隙分布窄,平均孔径约为 1 μm。基于 SiCshs 的多孔陶瓷材料具有较高的开放孔隙率(超过 58%)、高度发达的纳米结构孔隙表面(面积超过 12 m2/g)和较宽的孔径分布(平均孔径为 140 nm)。所获得的结果可用于改进高能效合成技术和预测高多孔碳化硅基陶瓷材料性能的方法。这将使在超滤或催化过程的有效适用范围内制造高孔隙碳化硅陶瓷成为可能。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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