Efficient Construction of Voxel Models for Ore Bodies Using an Improved Winding Number Algorithm and CUDA Parallel Computing

ISPRS Int. J. Geo Inf. Pub Date : 2023-11-21 DOI:10.3390/ijgi12120473

Lei Liu, Yong Sun, Min Ji, Huimeng Wang, Jiantao Liu

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Abstract

The three-dimensional (3D) geological voxel model is essential for numerical simulation and resource calculation. However, it can be challenging due to the point in polygon test in 3D voxel modeling. The commonly used Winding number algorithm requires the manual setting of observation points and uses their relative positions to restrict the positive and negative solid angles. Therefore, we proposed the Winding number with triangle network coding (WNTC) algorithm and applied it to automatically construct a 3D voxel model of the ore body. The proposed WNTC algorithm encodes the stratum model by using the Delaunay triangulation network to constrain the index order of each vertex of the triangular plane unit. GPU parallel computing was used to optimize its computational speed. Our results demonstrated that the WNTC algorithm can greatly improve the efficiency and automation of 3D ore body modeling. Compared to the Ray casting method, it can compensate for a voxel loss of about 0.7%. We found the GPU to be 99.96% faster than the CPU, significantly improving voxel model construction speed. Additionally, this method is less affected by the complexity of the stratum model. Our study has substantial potential for similar work in 3D geological modeling and other relevant fields.

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利用改进的缠绕数算法和 CUDA 并行计算高效构建矿体体素模型

三维（3D）地质体素模型对于数值模拟和资源计算至关重要。然而，由于三维体素建模中的多边形内点测试具有挑战性。常用的缠绕数算法需要手动设置观测点，并利用观测点的相对位置来限制正负实体角。因此，我们提出了带三角网络编码的缠绕数（WNTC）算法，并将其应用于自动构建矿体的三维体素模型。所提出的 WNTC 算法通过使用 Delaunay 三角剖分网络来约束三角形平面单元各顶点的索引顺序，从而对地层模型进行编码。为了优化计算速度，我们使用了 GPU 并行计算。结果表明，WNTC 算法可以大大提高三维矿体建模的效率和自动化程度。与射线铸造法相比，它可以补偿约 0.7% 的体素损失。我们发现 GPU 比 CPU 快 99.96%，大大提高了体素模型的构建速度。此外，这种方法受地层模型复杂性的影响较小。我们的研究对三维地质建模和其他相关领域的类似工作具有巨大的潜力。

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ISPRS Int. J. Geo Inf.

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