Assessing the Health Risks of Emerging Trace Elements in Fish, Bobo Croaker (Pseudotolithus elongatus) from Buguma Creek, Southern Nigeria

Ogbuefi Michael Uchenna, Best Ordinioha, D. Chris
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Abstract

This study investigates the health risks associated with trace elements in Bobo Croaker (Pseudotolithus elongatus) from Buguma Creek, Southern Nigeria. Fish samples were conducted monthly from May to August 2023, and muscle tissues were analyzed for potential health risks posed by elevated levels of hazardous metals. Heavy metal concentrations of As, Fe, Zn, Pb, and Cd were analyzed using atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). Cd was found in the EDIs of heavy metals in P. elongatus from three stations for adults and children, with minimal variation between stations. For adults, there were no significant discrepancies, but for children, there were substantial differences, especially at Stations 2 and 3. The EDI value for Zn varies significantly across all stations, with the highest value being recorded at Station 3. Fe showed notable differences between stations, while Cu and As had consistent EDI values. The study reveals potential health risks for both adults and children due to heavy metals, with Cd, Pb, and Zn exposure exceeding safe thresholds for both adults and children, while Pb and As have values below safe thresholds, indicating negligible cancer risk. The study calls for further evaluations and mitigation strategies, emphasizing the importance of sustainable practices and acceptable exposure limits, particularly at Stations 2 and 3, to protect vulnerable populations. HI values surpass 1 for both age groups, indicating potential health risks from trace elements in P. elongatus, particularly for Cadmium. The study highlights the potential health risks from trace elements in P. elongatus. It emphasizes the importance of sustainable practices and acceptable exposure limits, particularly at Stations 2 and 3, to protect vulnerable populations.
评估尼日利亚南部布古马河鱼类波波大黄鱼(Pseudotolithus elongatus)体内新出现的微量元素对健康的危害
本研究调查了尼日利亚南部布古玛溪的波波大黄鱼(Pseudotolithus elongatus)体内与微量元素有关的健康风险。从 2023 年 5 月到 8 月,每月对鱼类进行取样,并对肌肉组织进行分析,以了解有害金属含量升高对健康造成的潜在风险。使用原子吸收分光光度法(AAS)分析了砷、铁、锌、铅和镉的重金属浓度。在三个站点的成人和儿童中,细尾鲈的重金属 EDIs 中均发现了镉,且各站点之间的差异极小。成人的 EDI 值没有明显差异,但儿童的差异很大,尤其是在 2 号站和 3 号站。锌的 EDI 值在所有站点都有显著差异,最高值出现在第 3 站。铁的 EDI 值在各站之间存在明显差异,而铜和砷的 EDI 值则保持一致。该研究揭示了重金属对成人和儿童健康的潜在风险,镉、铅和锌的暴露量超过了成人和儿童的安全阈值,而铅和砷的值低于安全阈值,表明癌症风险可以忽略不计。该研究呼吁进一步评估和采取缓解战略,强调可持续做法和可接受的暴露限值的重要性,尤其是在 2 号站和 3 号站,以保护弱势群体。两个年龄组的 HI 值都超过了 1,这表明细叶藻中的微量元素(尤其是镉)可能对健康造成危害。这项研究强调了长尾鲈中的微量元素对健康的潜在风险。它强调了可持续做法和可接受的暴露限值的重要性,尤其是在 2 号站和 3 号站,以保护弱势群体。
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