Identification of Microbial Populations Present in Agricultural and Nonarable Soils in the Talas Valley, Northern Kyrgyzstan, in Autumn

IF 2.1 Q3 SOIL SCIENCE
T. Doolotkeldieva, S. Bobusheva, Mahabat Konurbaeva
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Abstract

Soil bacterial and fungal communities were investigated in relation to soil type and farm management practices after vegetation harvesting in autumn. Soils from fields cultivated with Phaseolus vulgaris (bean) and Pyrus comminus (pear) and nonarable, natural areas were studied. Microbial diversity was analysed using cultivation-dependent methods (isolation of pure cultures) and cultivation-independent methods (direct extraction of DNA from soil, followed by PCR amplification of the 16S rRNA and 18S rRNA genes). The use of cultivation-dependent methods revealed that there were no differences in the biodiversity of the soil bacterial and fungal communities between fields cultivated with bean plants and pear trees. However, the use of cultivation-independent methods showed that there were clear soil and crop type-specific effects on the composition of the soil bacterial and fungal communities. The density of the bacterial population was two times higher in northern mountain-valley serozem (NMVS) soil samples than in light chestnut (LC) soil samples. In contrast, the densities of the fungal communities were almost equal in the studied soil types. The density of the actinomycetes community was almost two times higher in LC soil than in NMVS soil under bean plants. The Shannon index values showed that the bacterial biodiversity in the NMVS soil samples was greater than that in the LC soil samples. Soils under fallow appeared to have diverse bacterial communities that mainly consisted of local autochthonous microflora and a small amount of zymogenic microflora (since fresh plant residue does not enter the soil). The Shannon index results revealed two interesting facts: (1) the soil bacterial community was highly diverse in soils that supported bean plants and (2) the soil fungal biodiversity was high under pear trees in both soil types.
吉尔吉斯斯坦北部塔拉斯山谷秋季农业土壤和非耕地土壤中微生物种群的鉴定
研究了秋季植被收割后土壤细菌和真菌群落与土壤类型和农场管理方法的关系。研究对象是种植豆角和梨的田地以及非耕地自然区域的土壤。采用依赖培养的方法(分离纯培养物)和不依赖培养的方法(直接从土壤中提取 DNA,然后进行 16S rRNA 和 18S rRNA 基因的 PCR 扩增)对微生物多样性进行了分析。使用依赖培养的方法发现,种植豆科植物和梨树的田块之间土壤细菌和真菌群落的生物多样性没有差异。然而,使用与栽培无关的方法表明,土壤和作物类型对土壤细菌和真菌群落的组成有明显的特异性影响。北部山谷丝兰(NMVS)土壤样本中的细菌群密度是轻栗树(LC)土壤样本中细菌群密度的两倍。相比之下,真菌群落的密度在所研究的土壤类型中几乎相等。在豆科植物下,LC 土壤中放线菌群落的密度几乎是 NMVS 土壤的两倍。香农指数值显示,NMVS 土壤样本中的细菌生物多样性高于 LC 土壤样本。休耕土壤中的细菌群落似乎多种多样,主要由本地自生微生物群落和少量酶生微生物群落组成(因为新鲜植物残留物不会进入土壤)。香农指数结果显示了两个有趣的事实:(1) 在种植豆科植物的土壤中,土壤细菌群落具有高度多样性;(2) 在两种土壤类型中,梨树下的土壤真菌生物多样性都很高。
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来源期刊
Applied and Environmental Soil Science
Applied and Environmental Soil Science Earth and Planetary Sciences-Earth-Surface Processes
CiteScore
4.00
自引率
4.50%
发文量
55
审稿时长
18 weeks
期刊介绍: Applied and Environmental Soil Science is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that publishes research and review articles in the field of soil science. Its coverage reflects the multidisciplinary nature of soil science, and focuses on studies that take account of the dynamics and spatial heterogeneity of processes in soil. Basic studies of the physical, chemical, biochemical, and biological properties of soil, innovations in soil analysis, and the development of statistical tools will be published. Among the major environmental issues addressed will be: -Pollution by trace elements and nutrients in excess- Climate change and global warming- Soil stability and erosion- Water quality- Quality of agricultural crops- Plant nutrition- Soil hydrology- Biodiversity of soils- Role of micro- and mesofauna in soil
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