ANALYSIS OF LAND USE AND OCCUPATION IN MUNICIPALITIES OF SEMIARID PERNAMBUCANO BEFORE AND AFTER THE TRANSPOSITION OF THE SÃO FRANCISCO RIVER

Abstract

Analyzing the use and occupation of land in semi-arid regions is extremely important, as it contributes to the identification of practices and management regarding natural resources. The objective of this study was to analyze the impacts of the São Francisco River Integration Project (PISF) and whether its implementation alters the dynamics of land use and occupation in the study areas. The analysis was performed through Remote Sensing, where three images of the Landsat 8 and 9 satellites were obtained for the years 2014, 2018 and 2022. In 2014, it was possible to observe a greater water availability in the municipality of Serrita going from 0.06% to 0.31% in 2022, in contrast, there was a reduction of the Caatinga that went from 51.42% in 2014 to 48.98% in 2022, the areas of exposed soil also showed reduction, in 2014 it was 4.60% and in 2022 4.25%, Agriculture and pasture areas increased, from 43.91% in 2014 to 46.44% in 2022. The municipality of Cedro presented a pattern of use similar to that of Serrita, where there was a greater water availability, in 2014 it was 0.22% and then went to 0.30% in 2022, the use corresponding to Caatinga presented an oscillation between the years analyzed, in 2014 it was 19.26% and in 2022 it was 20.59%, there was a reduction in the areas of exposed soil,  In 2014 it was 58.34% and in 2022 it was 44.11%, while the areas of agriculture and pasture increased considerably, in 2014 it was 22.22% going to 34.97% in 2022. The results show that the pattern of land use and occupation of these municipalities has changed over the years and the PISF has contributed to such changes.