Pleomorphic Adenoma Review of Surgical Management with a focus on histopathological aspects

Abstract

Salivary Gland Tumors arise in the Parotid gland in about 80% of cases[2, 3]. Benign parotid gland tumors account for 80% of cases [3]. Around 80 percent of all benign salivary glands’ tumors are pleomorphic adenomas, which are the most frequent salivary gland tumor overall (between 50 and 70 percent) [2-4]. Despite their benign nature, Pleomorphic Adenomas can occasionally result in benign metastases and carry the potential to evolve into malignancy [1, 5–9]. The main course of treatment is surgical excision, where the optimal extent of surgery has been an area for debate. The Pleomorphic adenoma is known for hard-to-treat multilocular recurrences, hence it is widely advocated to remove the whole or at least the superficial part of the gland with the tumor as a standard treatment to avoid recurrences based on the evidence of histological presence of pseudopods and satellite nodule but other advocate minimal intervention removing only the tumor with cuff of normal tissue around it and presenting evidence of comparable recurrence rates to traditional approach and lower complications rate compared to it. They argue that the cuff of normal tissue will include satellite nodule and pseudopod based on histological measurements. Keywords: Salivary Gland, Parotid, Parotid Gland, Pleomorphic Adenoma, Mixed Tumor, Complete Parotidectomy, Partial Parotidectomy, Superficial Parotidectomy, Lateral Parotidectomy, Extracapsular Dissection,