Comprehensive Review of Antiretroviral Therapy Effects on Red Blood Cells in HIV Patients

Abstract

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has revolutionized the landscape of HIV treatment, substantially reducing morbidity and mortality rates in affected individuals. However, while ART effectively suppresses viral replication and restores immune function, its impact on red blood cells (RBCs) and associated hematological parameters has drawn increasing attention in clinical research. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the effects of ART on RBCs among HIV patients, encompassing alterations in RBC indices, hemoglobin levels, and potential clinical implications. A systematic review of literature and clinical studies was conducted to analyze observed changes in RBC parameters in individuals receiving ART. The clinical implications arising from ART-induced changes in RBCs, particularly the occurrence of anemia and erythrocyte disorders, highlight the importance of vigilant monitoring and tailored management strategies. Addressing these hematological complications is pivotal for optimizing treatment outcomes and enhancing patient wellbeing. In conclusion, while ART has significantly improved HIV management, its effects on RBCs signify the need for tailored monitoring and interventions to manage hematological complications effectively. Keywords: Antiretroviral Therapy, Red Blood Cells, HIV