Belarusization in the Smolensk Region from the Pages of the Newspaper «Rabochiy Put’», 1920–1930s

Olga Kobets, Evgeniy Kodin
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Abstract

The article presents the practice of Belarusization in the Smolensk region in the 1920s – the first half of the 1930s in the format of its reflection on the pages of the newspaper «Rabochiy Put’», as the press organ of the Smolensk Gubernatorial Committee of the RCP (b) – the CPSU (b) and the Gubernatorial Executive Committee, and since 1929 – the main printing body of the Western region with the administrative center in Smolensk. The materials of the «Rabochiy Put’» do not form the reader's holistic perception of the policy of Belarusization in the Smolensk region, as in one of the Russian regions with a compact Belarusian population. There were no Belarusian collective farms or Belarusian village councils in the province, as was the case, for example, among Latvians and Jews. Therefore, the main direction of Belarusization has become the education system, i.e. the introduction of the Belarusian language and the course of Belarusian studies in individual schools, as well as attempts to transmit a number of schools into the Belarusian language. At the same time, even fragmentary data from newspaper materials of different genres and volumes indicate that neither the provincial authorities (virtually at all levels up to village councils), nor the titular and even the Belarusian population itself have become active supporters of the policy of Belarusization, only formally participating in this process, as in one of the many socio-political campaigns of thаt period.
从《Rabochiy Put》报的页面看斯摩棱斯克地区的白俄罗斯化,1920-1930 年代
该报是俄共(布)--俄共(布)斯摩棱斯克州州长委员会和州长执行委员会的报刊,自 1929 年起成为以斯摩棱斯克为行政中心的西部地区的主要印刷机构。 Rabochiy Put'"的材料并不能使读者对斯摩棱斯克州的白俄罗斯化政策形成全面的认识,因为该州是白俄罗斯人聚居的俄罗斯地区之一。该省没有白俄罗斯集体农庄或白俄罗斯村委会,拉脱维亚人和犹太人就属于这种情况。因此,"白俄罗斯化 "的主要方向是教育系统,即在个别学校中引入白俄罗斯语和白俄罗斯学课程,以及尝试将一些学校的教学内容转为白俄罗斯语。 与此同时,即使是从不同体裁和卷数的报纸材料中获得的零星数据也表明,无论是省当局(实际上是各级当局,直至村委会),还是当地居民,甚至是白俄罗斯居民本身,都没有成为白俄罗斯化政策的积极支持者,而只是正式参与了这一进程,就像在这一时期的许多社会政治运动中一样。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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