Features of geodetic works in mountainous areas

Abstract

The authors discuss the features and problems of conducting geodetic surveys under specific mountain conditions and outline possible ways to improve the efficiency of the work. The hard-to-reach areas and significant elevation differences are the main difficulties of making measurements in the mountains. These factors negatively affect the accuracy, efficiency and cost of all surveying methods. It is stated that the most effective one of them in the mountains is that of spatial linear-angular measurements. This method enables performing entire complex of coordinate determinations using a total station only. The deviations of the plumb lines and vertical refraction decrease the trigonometric leveling accuracy and limit the field of spatial linear-angular measurements application. It is necessary to develop a technology for designing such a network in mountainous localities, which includes taking into account the influence of plumb lines deviation and vertical refraction error