{"title":"The evolution of the compaction process and the deformed state of porous blanks during their hot forging in the open die","authors":"Gennadiy Baglyuk, Stepan Kyryliuk","doi":"10.20535/2521-1943.2023.7.3.292713","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of the study of the evolution of the deformed state of the workpieces, the energetic parameters of the process and the distribution of porosity over the volume of the forging at all stages of hot forging of porous powder forgings in an open die. Modeling of the process was carried out using the finite element method using the DEFORM 2D/3D software complex. As a result of the simulation, it was found that at the initial stage of the process, the blank is mainly compacted with minimal radial flow of the material. Noticeable flow of metal into the groove groove area begins only when the forging material reaches an average relative density exceeding 90%. A significantly different nature of the distribution of axial er and radial ez deformations over the volume of the forging was noted. A zone with increased levels of values of axial deformations is formed in the central layer of the forging, equidistant from the upper and lower surfaces of the die cavity, and the values of radial deformations decrease with distance from the zone bordering the free side surface of the workpiece in the radial (to-center) direction. The minimum values of ez and er appear in the upper and lower angular stagnant zones of the forging. It is shown that the graph of the dependence of the deformation force on the displacement of the punch is marked by the presence of at least three characteristic sections due to the relationship between the processes of compaction and forging shape change at each stage of the process.","PeriodicalId":32423,"journal":{"name":"Mechanics and Advanced Technologies","volume":"10 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2023-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Mechanics and Advanced Technologies","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.20535/2521-1943.2023.7.3.292713","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The article presents the results of the study of the evolution of the deformed state of the workpieces, the energetic parameters of the process and the distribution of porosity over the volume of the forging at all stages of hot forging of porous powder forgings in an open die. Modeling of the process was carried out using the finite element method using the DEFORM 2D/3D software complex. As a result of the simulation, it was found that at the initial stage of the process, the blank is mainly compacted with minimal radial flow of the material. Noticeable flow of metal into the groove groove area begins only when the forging material reaches an average relative density exceeding 90%. A significantly different nature of the distribution of axial er and radial ez deformations over the volume of the forging was noted. A zone with increased levels of values of axial deformations is formed in the central layer of the forging, equidistant from the upper and lower surfaces of the die cavity, and the values of radial deformations decrease with distance from the zone bordering the free side surface of the workpiece in the radial (to-center) direction. The minimum values of ez and er appear in the upper and lower angular stagnant zones of the forging. It is shown that the graph of the dependence of the deformation force on the displacement of the punch is marked by the presence of at least three characteristic sections due to the relationship between the processes of compaction and forging shape change at each stage of the process.
文章介绍了开模多孔粉末锻件热锻各阶段工件变形状态演变、工艺能量参数和锻件体积内孔隙分布的研究结果。使用有限元法和 DEFORM 2D/3D 复合软件对该过程进行了建模。模拟结果表明,在工艺的初始阶段,坯料主要是压实的,材料的径向流动很小。只有当锻造材料的平均相对密度超过 90% 时,才开始有明显的金属流进入槽沟区域。轴向 er 和径向 ez 变形在锻件体积上的分布有明显的不同。在距模腔上下表面相等的锻件中心层形成了轴向变形值增大的区域,而径向变形值则随着距工件自由侧表面径向(至中心)方向边界区域的距离而减小。ez 和 er 的最小值出现在锻件的上下角度停滞区。变形力与冲头位移的关系曲线图显示,由于压实过程和锻件形状变化过程在每个阶段的关系,至少存在三个特征截面。