Correlation of plant height and crop age with yield potential in Sri Lankan traditional rice accessions of Ma wee: a comparative study in Kamburupitiya with selected new improved rice varieties

Tropical Agricultural Research and Extension Pub Date : 2023-12-29 DOI:10.4038/tare.v26i4.5666

H. M. A. S. B. Jayasinghe, D. M. J. B. Senanayake, Udari Uvindhya Rathnathunga, S. Geekiyanage

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Abstract

Generating knowledge about agronomic and yield characters of Ma wee is important for breeding. Therefore, this experiment aimed to determine the selected agronomic characteristics and yield components in accessions 8541 and 8543 (Maha Ma wee) and 4561 (Ma wee samba) varieties in comparison to new improved rice varieties (NIVs) of Bg 38, Bg 300 and Bg 366. Rice varieties were grown in pots in a completely randomized design in the greenhouse with 5 replicates for two consecutive Maha seasons of 2021/2022 and 2022/2023 in ecological zone of WL2. Daily daytime temperature (DT) inside the greenhouse and daily photoperiod were recorded during the experimental period. Selected agronomic characteristics and yield components were measured. During 2021/2022, DT varied from 250C to 30.250C, while in 2022/23, DT varied from 27.50C to 330C. DT during 2022/2023 was significantly higher compared to that of 2021/2022. Days to fifth leaf (DFL), plant height at fifth leaf (HFL), plant height at flowering (HF), number of grains per first panicle (GPP) and effective tiller number at harvest (ETH) varied from 24.00±.40 to 30.4±32, 40.00±1.14 to 60.90±2.75, 95.80±.96 to 235.6±11 and 2.00±.31 to 3.80±.37 during 2021/22 while variations were from 27.00±.70 to 32.60±.40, 39.20±.97 to 73.25±1.60, 81.75±4.11 to 239.00±2.91, 135.25±4.87 to 225.80±3.54 and 2.20±.20 to 3.60±.24 respectively during 2022/2023. DFL was influenced by the season, with significantly higher DFL during the 2022/2023 season having significantly higher DT. In 2021/2022, DFL, HFL, DF, HF and GPP were significantly higher in Ma wee accessions in contrast to those of NIVs. Except for Bg 38, which is bred with a traditional rice ancestor, NIVs produced significantly lesser GPP in contrast to Ma wee accessions. Although Bg 38 had the highest DF (145±1.15), and produced a higher GPP (213.5±9.97), HF (87.8±1.06) was significantly lower than that of Ma wee. Strong correlations were observed for DFL and DF (0.571), DFL and ETH (0.414), DF and GPP (0.599) and, HF and GPP (0.855). Our results suggest that the challenge of incorporating Ma wee accessions into breeding programmes for increased yield with an ideal plant structure must overcome the coincidence of high GPP with tall PH and the extended DF efficiently through molecular breeding strategies.

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斯里兰卡马维传统水稻品种的株高、株龄与产量潜力的相关性：在坎布鲁皮提亚与选定的新改良水稻品种的比较研究

了解马围的农艺特征和产量特征对育种非常重要。因此，本试验旨在确定所选品种 8541 和 8543（马哈马尾）以及 4561（马尾桑巴）与 Bg 38、Bg 300 和 Bg 366 新改良水稻品种（NIVs）的农艺特征和产量成分。在 2021/2022 年和 2022/2023 年连续两个马哈季节，水稻品种在 WL2 生态区的温室中以完全随机设计的方式盆栽，5 次重复。试验期间记录了温室内的日温度（DT）和日光周期。对部分农艺特征和产量成分进行了测量。在 2021/2022 年期间，DT 在 250 摄氏度至 30.250 摄氏度之间变化，而在 2022/23 年期间，DT 在 27.50 摄氏度至 330 摄氏度之间变化。与 2021/2022 年相比，2022/2023 年的 DT 明显较高。五叶天数（DFL）、五叶株高（HFL）、开花株高（HF）、每第一圆锥花序粒数（GPP）和收获时有效分蘖数（ETH）的变化范围分别为 24.00±.40 至 30.4±32、40.00±1.14 至 60.90±2.75、95.80±.而在 2022/2023 年期间，变化范围分别为 27.00±.70 至 32.60±.40、39.20±.97 至 73.25±1.60、81.75±4.11 至 239.00±2.91、135.25±4.87 至 225.80±3.54、2.20±.20 至 3.60±.24。DFL 受季节影响，2022/2023 年 DFL 明显较高，DT 明显较高。在 2021/2022 年，马微品种的 DFL、HFL、DF、HF 和 GPP 都明显高于 NIVs 品种。除了以传统水稻祖先培育的 Bg 38 外，与 Ma wee 品种相比，NIV 品种的 GPP 明显较低。虽然 Bg 38 的 DF（145±1.15）最高，产生的 GPP（213.5±9.97）也较高，但 HF（87.8±1.06）明显低于 Ma wee。DFL与DF（0.571）、DFL与ETH（0.414）、DF与GPP（0.599）以及HF与GPP（0.855）之间存在很强的相关性。我们的研究结果表明，要将马尾松品种纳入育种计划，以理想的植株结构提高产量，必须通过分子育种策略有效地克服高 GPP 与高 PH 值和扩展 DF 的偶合。

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Tropical Agricultural Research and Extension

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