Pascal's negative image of sociality

Q3 Arts and Humanities

Sententiae Pub Date : 2023-12-31 DOI:10.31649/sent01.01.140

Victoria Shamrai

引用次数: 0

Abstract

The author states the negative nature of Pascal's attitude towards the theories of natural law and social contract due to their fundamental inability to offer a positive maxim of human behavior. Author argues that one of the grounds for Pascal's criticism is that the theories of social contract and natural law rather fix and cement the negative aspects of man manifested in his natural state. Reconstructing the deeper foundations of this critique, the author argues that it is rather not Christianity in itself, but the existential spirit of Pascal's philosophy that makes him an opponent to the idea of the social contract and determines his negative position towards sociality. Pascal does not create a teaching in the field of social philosophy that can become an alternative to the social contract theory. His thoughts are characterized by the author rather as notes in the margins of the latter. These notes clearly show a line of criticism and a tendency towards the rejection of sociality, which is opposed to the social constructivism of the last two centuries of European history.

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帕斯卡尔对社会性的负面印象

作者指出，帕斯卡尔对自然法和社会契约理论的态度是消极的，因为它们从根本上无法为人类行为提供积极的格言。作者认为，帕斯卡尔批评的理由之一是，社会契约论和自然法理论反而固定和巩固了人在自然状态下所表现出的消极方面。作者重构了这一批判的深层基础，认为不是基督教本身，而是帕斯卡尔哲学的存在主义精神使他反对社会契约思想，并决定了他对社会性的消极立场。帕斯卡尔并没有在社会哲学领域创造出一种可以替代社会契约论的学说。他的思想被作者定性为后者空白处的注释。这些注释清楚地表明了对社会性的批判和否定倾向，这与欧洲历史上最近两个世纪的社会建构主义是相对立的。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Sententiae Arts and Humanities-Philosophy

CiteScore

0.40

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： Sententiae is historico-philosophical open access journal. Journal created by Modern philosophy''s research group (Pascalian society). Founded in 2000. Published twice a year, in June and December. Our purpose is to foster the development of a wide gamut of contemporary approaches, active implementation of them into research practice, and establishment of high standards of teaching philosophy basing on the achievements of contemporary history of philosophy. Our key priority is to ensure the empirical substantiation of historico-philosophical conceptions, basing on the criteria of literality, exhaustivity, contextuality and taking into account the existing speculative interpretations. Jean-Luc Marion was the first to formulate this set of criteria in 1998 as the main features of contemporary researches of Descartes''s philosophy. We regard these principles as the methodological background of any substantiated research method in the history of philosophy. Publishing materials on all historico-philosophical topics, we pay special attention to researches in terminology, issues of philosophical translation and untranslatability, manuscript researches (including handwritten heritage of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy professors of ХVІІ–ХVІІІ century), and cover the development of large-scale projects in this area. We also publish new bilingual and commented Ukrainian translations of classical foreign philosophical texts. Among our priorities there is also a coverage of the history of philosophical thought in Ukraine and other Eastern European countries and its relations to the wider cultural context (theology, literature, natural sciences, political ideology etc). The content of each issue is distributed according to Genre Sections and Thematic Headings. Currently there are 10 Genre Sections.