Behavioral Motor Performance.

IF 4.2 2区 医学 Q1 PHYSIOLOGY
Raz Leib, Ian S Howard, Matthew Millard, David W Franklin
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The human sensorimotor control system has exceptional abilities to perform skillful actions. We easily switch between strenuous tasks that involve brute force, such as lifting a heavy sewing machine, and delicate movements such as threading a needle in the same machine. Using a structure with different control architectures, the motor system is capable of updating its ability to perform through our daily interaction with the fluctuating environment. However, there are issues that make this a difficult computational problem for the brain to solve. The brain needs to control a nonlinear, nonstationary neuromuscular system, with redundant and occasionally undesired degrees of freedom, in an uncertain environment using a body in which information transmission is subject to delays and noise. To gain insight into the mechanisms of motor control, here we survey movement laws and invariances that shape our everyday motion. We then examine the major solutions to each of these problems in the three parts of the sensorimotor control system, sensing, planning, and acting. We focus on how the sensory system, the control architectures, and the structure and operation of the muscles serve as complementary mechanisms to overcome deviations and disturbances to motor behavior and give rise to skillful motor performance. We conclude with possible future research directions based on suggested links between the operation of the sensorimotor system across the movement stages. © 2024 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 14:5179-5224, 2024.

行为运动表现。
人类的感知运动控制系统具有出色的技能操作能力。我们可以在举起沉重的缝纫机等需要使用蛮力的艰苦任务和在同一台缝纫机上穿针等精细动作之间轻松切换。通过使用具有不同控制架构的结构,电机系统能够在我们与不断变化的环境进行日常互动的过程中更新其执行能力。然而,有些问题使得大脑难以解决这一计算问题。大脑需要控制一个非线性、非稳态的神经肌肉系统,该系统具有冗余的自由度,偶尔也会出现不想要的自由度,在不确定的环境中使用一个信息传输会受到延迟和噪音影响的机体。为了深入了解运动控制的机制,我们将在此探讨形成我们日常运动的运动规律和不变量。然后,我们将从传感运动控制系统的三个部分--感知、计划和行动--来研究这些问题的主要解决方案。我们将重点关注感觉系统、控制架构以及肌肉的结构和运作是如何作为互补机制来克服运动行为的偏差和干扰,并产生娴熟的运动表现的。最后,我们将根据各运动阶段感觉运动系统运作之间的联系,提出未来可能的研究方向。© 2024 美国生理学会。Compr Physiol 14:5179-5224, 2024.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
10.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
38
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Comprehensive Physiology is the most authoritative and comprehensive collection of physiology information ever assembled, and uses the most powerful features of review journals and electronic reference works to cover the latest key developments in the field, through the most authoritative articles on the subjects covered. This makes Comprehensive Physiology a valued reference work on the evolving science of physiology for both researchers and clinicians. It also provides a useful teaching tool for instructors and an informative resource for medical students and other students in the life and health sciences.
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