Ru-Bentonite Catalyzed Green Knoevenagel Condensation of Substituted Benzaldehydes with Ethyl Cyanoacetate

IF 0.7 Q4 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Catalysis in Industry Pub Date : 2023-12-26 DOI:10.1134/S2070050423040141

Debasis Borah, Deepmoni Brahma, Dipanwita Basak, Hemaprobha Saikia

{"title":"Ru-Bentonite Catalyzed Green Knoevenagel Condensation of Substituted Benzaldehydes with Ethyl Cyanoacetate","authors":"Debasis Borah, Deepmoni Brahma,  Dipanwita Basak, Hemaprobha Saikia","doi":"10.1134/S2070050423040141","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"To develop Ru-incorporated bentonite clay as a heterogeneous base catalyst for use in Knoevenagel condensation as an alternative to hazardous base catalysts like pyridine, piperidine, etc., we purify the naturally occurring bentonite clay and Ru3+ cation incorporated into its interlayers of bentonite clayto improve its porosity and to increase the surface area of bentonite clay. Purified bentonite and Ru-bentonite were characterized by FTIR, PXRD, HRTEM, SEM & EDS, BET surface area analysis, and TGA. Base activation was done to these clays and a comparative study of these clays as recyclable heterogeneous catalysts for Knoevenagel Condensation was undertaken in water as a solvent for the chemical transformation of 2,4-dichlorobenzaldehyde and 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde with ethyl cyanoacetateinto their corresponding α,β- unsaturated acids. The products were characterized by FTIR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR analyses. The essential key points of this reaction are mild reaction conditions, absence of hazardous chemicals as used in classical Knoevenagel condensation, reusability of the catalyst, and high yield percentage of the products.","PeriodicalId":507,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis in Industry","volume":"15 4","pages":"420 - 433"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7000,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Catalysis in Industry","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1134/S2070050423040141","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

To develop Ru-incorporated bentonite clay as a heterogeneous base catalyst for use in Knoevenagel condensation as an alternative to hazardous base catalysts like pyridine, piperidine, etc., we purify the naturally occurring bentonite clay and Ru³⁺ cation incorporated into its interlayers of bentonite clayto improve its porosity and to increase the surface area of bentonite clay. Purified bentonite and Ru-bentonite were characterized by FTIR, PXRD, HRTEM, SEM & EDS, BET surface area analysis, and TGA. Base activation was done to these clays and a comparative study of these clays as recyclable heterogeneous catalysts for Knoevenagel Condensation was undertaken in water as a solvent for the chemical transformation of 2,4-dichlorobenzaldehyde and 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde with ethyl cyanoacetateinto their corresponding α,β- unsaturated acids. The products were characterized by FTIR, ¹H NMR, and ¹³C NMR analyses. The essential key points of this reaction are mild reaction conditions, absence of hazardous chemicals as used in classical Knoevenagel condensation, reusability of the catalyst, and high yield percentage of the products.

Abstract Image

查看原文本刊更多论文

Ru-Bentonite 催化取代苯甲醛与氰乙酸乙酯的绿色克诺文纳格尔缩合反应

摘要为了开发 Ru 嵌入膨润土作为异相碱催化剂用于克诺文纳格尔缩合反应，以替代吡啶、哌啶等有害碱催化剂，我们纯化了天然存在的膨润土，并在膨润土的夹层中加入 Ru3+ 阳离子，以改善其孔隙率并增加膨润土的比表面积。傅立叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、PXRD、HRTEM、SEM &amp、EDS、BET 表面积分析和热重分析对纯化的膨润土和 Ru-膨润土进行了表征。对这些粘土进行了碱活化，并对这些粘土作为可回收的异相催化剂进行了比较研究，以水为溶剂将 2,4-二氯苯甲醛和 4-羟基苯甲醛与氰乙酸乙酯化学转化为相应的 α,β-不饱和酸。通过傅立叶变换红外光谱、1H NMR 和 13C NMR 分析对产物进行了表征。该反应的基本要点是反应条件温和、不使用经典克诺文纳格尔缩合反应中使用的危险化学品、催化剂可重复使用以及产物收率高。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Catalysis in Industry ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL-

CiteScore

1.30

自引率

14.30%

发文量

期刊介绍： The journal covers the following topical areas: Analysis of specific industrial catalytic processes: Production and use of catalysts in branches of industry: chemical, petrochemical, oil-refining, pharmaceutical, organic synthesis, fuel-energetic industries, environment protection, biocatalysis; technology of industrial catalytic processes (generalization of practical experience, improvements, and modernization); technology of catalysts production, raw materials and equipment; control of catalysts quality; starting, reduction, passivation, discharge, storage of catalysts; catalytic reactors.Theoretical foundations of industrial catalysis and technologies: Research, studies, and concepts : search for and development of new catalysts and new types of supports, formation of active components, and mechanochemistry in catalysis; comprehensive studies of work-out catalysts and analysis of deactivation mechanisms; studies of the catalytic process at different scale levels (laboratory, pilot plant, industrial); kinetics of industrial and newly developed catalytic processes and development of kinetic models; nonlinear dynamics and nonlinear phenomena in catalysis: multiplicity of stationary states, stepwise changes in regimes, etc. Advances in catalysis: Catalysis and gas chemistry; catalysis and new energy technologies; biocatalysis; nanocatalysis; catalysis and new construction materials.History of the development of industrial catalysis.