A scoping study on the social determinants of health and sugar consumption in the context of policy approaches for improving population health

IF 1.8 3区医学 Q2 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Community dentistry and oral epidemiology Pub Date : 2023-12-26 DOI:10.1111/cdoe.12931

Bettina Zenz, Peter Jackson, Rahul Naidu, Barry Gibson

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objectives

To conduct a scoping review of existing research on the social determinants of health, sugar consumption and public health policy responses to address or improve health outcomes.

Methods

A total of 13 categories were developed to reflect the authors' interest in the overall focus on the social determinants of health, sugar as an independent risk factor, upstream policy action (‘whole populations’), downstream policy action (‘targeted’) and two contemporary policy strategies (namely ‘Vulnerable populations’ and ‘Proportionate Universalism’). The search strategy was then performed on MEDLINE (via Ovid) and Web of Science, and was limited to the English language. No time limits prior to when the database search was conducted in 2022 were set to explore the full extent of the literature in this field.

Results

Five hundred and sixty articles were retrieved, of which 181 met the criteria for review. When all categories were applied, the findings showed that 76% of papers focusing on sugar consumption as a risk factor for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) mentioned the social determinants of health. The majority of studies (60%) recommended downstream interventions, with 40% recommending ‘upstream’ interventions.

A limited proportion (12%) of research work was published in dental journals. Research had been done using predominantly quantitative methods (66% of articles), with 24% of studies adopting a mixed methods approach, and 8% being exclusively qualitative. Research on contemporary strategies for sugar reduction were focused on the ‘Global North’ and 98% of papers used individual level data focused on targeted approaches, highlighting that there is little direct evidence for contemporary strategies aimed at reducing sugar consumption.

Conclusions

Whilst the majority of public and dental health research argues that there is a need to address the social determinants of health, the findings from this study highlight that very few empirical studies have been designed to directly inform contemporary strategies for sugar reduction. More research is therefore needed that can directly assess the evidence for contemporary strategies in public health policy.

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查看原文本刊更多论文

在改善人口健康的政策方针背景下，对健康的社会决定因素和食糖消费进行范围界定研究。

目标对有关健康的社会决定因素、糖的消费以及应对或改善健康结果的公共卫生政策的现有研究进行范围界定：方法：共制定了 13 个类别，以反映作者对健康的社会决定因素、作为独立风险因素的糖、上游政策行动（"整个人群"）、下游政策行动（"有针对性的"）和两种当代政策策略（即 "弱势人群 "和 "比例普遍主义"）的总体关注。搜索策略随后在 MEDLINE（通过 Ovid）和 Web of Science 上进行，仅限于英语。在 2022 年进行数据库搜索之前，没有设定时间限制，以探索该领域的全部文献：结果：共检索到 560 篇文章，其中 181 篇符合审查标准。结果显示，76%的论文关注糖消费作为非传染性疾病（NCDs）风险因素的问题，其中提到了健康的社会决定因素。大多数研究（60%）建议采取下游干预措施，40%建议采取 "上游 "干预措施。在牙科期刊上发表的研究成果比例有限（12%）。研究主要采用定量方法（66%的文章），24%的研究采用混合方法，8%的研究完全采用定性方法。有关当代减糖策略的研究主要集中在 "全球北方"，98%的论文使用了个人层面的数据，重点关注有针对性的方法，这突出表明当代旨在减少糖消费的策略几乎没有直接的证据：尽管大多数公共和牙科健康研究都认为有必要解决健康的社会决定因素问题，但本研究的结果突出表明，很少有实证研究是为了直接为当代的减糖策略提供信息。因此，需要进行更多的研究，以直接评估公共卫生政策中当代战略的证据。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Community dentistry and oral epidemiology 医学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生

CiteScore

4.40

自引率

8.70%

发文量

审稿时长

6 months

期刊介绍： The aim of Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology is to serve as a forum for scientifically based information in community dentistry, with the intention of continually expanding the knowledge base in the field. The scope is therefore broad, ranging from original studies in epidemiology, behavioral sciences related to dentistry, and health services research through to methodological reports in program planning, implementation and evaluation. Reports dealing with people of all age groups are welcome. The journal encourages manuscripts which present methodologically detailed scientific research findings from original data collection or analysis of existing databases. Preference is given to new findings. Confirmations of previous findings can be of value, but the journal seeks to avoid needless repetition. It also encourages thoughtful, provocative commentaries on subjects ranging from research methods to public policies. Purely descriptive reports are not encouraged, nor are behavioral science reports with only marginal application to dentistry. The journal is published bimonthly.