Heme Metabolism-Related Gene TENT5C is a Prognostic Marker and Investigating Its Immunological Role in Colon Cancer

Abstract

Background: There is a strong correlation between consuming high amounts of heme and an elevated risk of developing various types of cancer, including colorectal cancer. However, the role of heme metabolism-related genes (HRGs) in colorectal cancer remains unclear. Our study aimed to identify prognostic markers for colorectal cancer patients based on these genes.
Methods: The heme metabolism score was assessed using gene set variation analysis (GSVA). Potential prognostic HRGs were identified from the TCGA-COAD dataset using LASSO and COX regression analyses. The expression level of TENT5C was validated in the GEO database and clinical samples. To explore the association between TENT5C expression and immune cell infiltrations, we performed ESTIMATE and single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA).
Results: The low level of heme metabolism score was associated with a poor prognosis in colorectal cancer patients. TENT5C is a prognostic gene and an independent prognostic biomarker for overall survival. Its expression was confirmed in multiple datasets and clinical samples, showing a positive correlation with immune cells and immune score. GSEA results suggested TENT5C’s significant role in regulating immune and inflammatory responses in colorectal cancer.
Conclusion: TENT5C can be used as a biomarker in colorectal cancer. Additionally, TENT5C is associated with both prognosis and immune infiltration. These findings lay a strong groundwork for future research to delve into the specific role of TENT5C in the development and advancement of colorectal cancer.