Epidemiological and Clinical Profile of Maxillo-Facial Odontogenic Cellilutes in Children

Abstract

Introduction: Odontogenic maxillofacial cellulitis are infections of the cellulo -adipose tissues of the face of dental origin and which can be life-threatening for the patient. This study aims to determine the epidemiological and clinical profile of odontogenic maxillofacial cellulitis in children. Patients and Method: This is a retrospective, cross-sectional, observational, single-center study involving patients aged 0 to 18 years hospitalized at the CMF Stomatology department in Owendo from 2016 to 2022. Incomplete files, patients treated on an outpatient basis and those with non- odontogenic cellulitis. The epidemiological and clinical parameters studied were age, sex, residence, level of education, lifestyle, contributing factors, reason for consultation, consultation time, type of cellulitis, topography of the causal tooth, and sign of gravity. Results: 72 patients collected. The mean age was 9.03±5.71 years. The male gender represented 58% with a sex ratio of 1.4. 9.7% of patients brushed their teeth twice a day, 47.2% of patients did so once and 44.1% of patients did not brush their teeth. 54.2% of patients performed soft brushing, 2.8% of patients performed hard brushing. 79.2% of patients consumed cariogenic foods. 62.3% of patients self-medicated with NSAIDs. 56% of patients consulted between 1-10 days. 94% of patients presented with circumscribed cellulitis and 6% of patients presented with diffuse cellulitis. 5.6% of patients had dysphagia and 5.6% of patients had tight trismus. Conclusion: Maxioll-facial cellulite odontogenic infections are predominant in boys. They are favored by taking NSAIDs and cariogenic foods. The circumscribed stage is frequently encountered.