Evaluation of Nitrogen and Water Management Strategies to Optimize Yield in Open Field Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) Production

IF 3.1 3区农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE

Horticulturae Pub Date : 2023-12-13 DOI:10.3390/horticulturae9121336

A. S. Bello, Samsul Huda, Zhongwen Chen, Muhammad Fasih Khalid, Mohammed Alsafran, Talaat Ahmed

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Abstract

Countries in arid climates, such as Qatar, require efficient water-saving strategies and nitrogen treatment for vegetable production. Vegetable importation constituted approximately USD 352 million of Qatar’s 2019 GDP; hence, enhancing local production is essential. This study investigated the effect of varying nitrogen and water levels on cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) fruit yield. Various water management strategies were also evaluated. A split plot design was employed with two water levels (W1: 50% deficit irrigation, W2: 100% full irrigation) and three nitrogen levels (N1: 50 kg N ha−1, N2: 70 kg N ha−1, N3: 100 kg N ha−1) to examine cucumber yield and physiological response. Our findings revealed that using minimal drip irrigation and reducing nitrogen levels significantly enhanced the growth, SPAD index, fruit characteristics, and yield components of cucumber. Drip irrigation had a greater influence on cucumber production than nitrogen levels. Shoot height increased by 4% from W2N1 (T1) to W1N3 (T6) and 4.93% from W2N2 (T2) to W1N2 (T5). Fruit length and width increased by 10.63% and 13.41% from T2 and T1 to T5, respectively. The highest total yield occurred at T5, followed by T6, T2, W2N3 (T3), W1N1 (T4), and T1 at 34.5, 29.1, 27.6, 25.8, 25.2, and 20.4 t/ha, respectively. The optimal combination comprised 50% deficit irrigation (W1) and 70 kg N ha−1 (N2) nitrogen. These results suggest the importance of optimizing drip irrigation for achieving maximum cucumber fruit yield in arid climates.

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露地黄瓜（Cucumis sativus L.）生产中优化产量的氮和水管理策略评估

卡塔尔等气候干旱的国家在蔬菜生产中需要高效的节水策略和氮处理。在卡塔尔 2019 年的国内生产总值中，蔬菜进口约占 3.52 亿美元；因此，加强本地生产至关重要。本研究调查了不同氮和水水平对黄瓜（Cucumis sativus L.）果实产量的影响。同时还评估了各种水分管理策略。研究采用了两种水分水平（W1：50%亏缺灌溉，W2：100%充分灌溉）和三种氮素水平（N1：50 kg N ha-1，N2：70 kg N ha-1，N3：100 kg N ha-1）的分小区设计来考察黄瓜的产量和生理反应。我们的研究结果表明，使用最少滴灌和降低氮肥水平能显著提高黄瓜的生长、SPAD 指数、果实特征和产量成分。与氮水平相比，滴灌对黄瓜产量的影响更大。从 W2N1（T1）到 W1N3（T6），芽高增加了 4%；从 W2N2（T2）到 W1N2（T5），芽高增加了 4.93%。从 T2 和 T1 到 T5，果实长度和宽度分别增加了 10.63% 和 13.41%。总产量最高的是 T5，其次是 T6、T2、W2N3（T3）、W1N1（T4）和 T1，分别为 34.5 吨/公顷、29.1 吨/公顷、27.6 吨/公顷、25.8 吨/公顷、25.2 吨/公顷和 20.4 吨/公顷。最佳组合为 50%亏缺灌溉（W1）和 70 千克氮公顷/1（N2）。这些结果表明，在干旱气候条件下，优化滴灌对实现黄瓜果实最高产量非常重要。

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来源期刊

Horticulturae HORTICULTURE-

CiteScore

3.50

自引率

19.40%

发文量

998

期刊介绍： Horticulturae (ISSN 2311-7524) is an international, multidisciplinary, peer-reviewed, open access journal focusing on all areas and aspects of temperate to tropical horticulture. It publishes original empirical and theoretical research articles, short communications, reviews, and opinion articles. We intend to encourage scientists to publish and communicate their results concerning all branches of horticulture in a timely manner and in an open venue, after being evaluated by the journal editors and randomly selected independent expert reviewers, so that all articles will never be judged in relation to how much they confirm or criticize the opinions of other researchers.