Impact of Long-Term Organic Manure Application on Yield, Zinc, and Copper Uptake in Maize, Peas, and Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) Cropping System

Journal of Soil, Plant and Environment Pub Date : 2023-12-15 DOI:10.56946/jspae.v2i2.231

Sushma Rani, Neeraj Chhatwal, Sohan Singh Walia

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Abstract

To evaluate the impact of the long-term application of organic manures on yield, uptake of zinc and copper in maize, peas and summer mungbean cropping systems, a field study was conducted at the integrated farming system of Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. The treatment combinations were; T1: 50% N through recommended NPK + 50% N was substituted through FYM, T2: 100% N through FYM, T3: T2 + intercropping (marigold in pea, cowpea in maize), T4: T2 + agronomic practices for weed and. pest control, T5: 50% N as FYM + rock phosphate to substitute the P requirement of crops + phosphate solubilizing bacterial. cultures (PSB), T6: T2 + biofertilizer (consortium) containing N and P carriers and T7: 100% Recommended NPK through chemical fertilizers. Significant increases in the yield, micronutrient content and uptake were recorded due to the application of 50% nitrogen through farmyard manure (FYM) and 50% of the recommended dose of fertilizers (T1) followed by 100% N through FYM + biofertilizer containing. N and P, carriers (T6). The highest grain yield of maize (5.72 t ha-1), pea (16.2 t ha-1) and summer mungbean (11.6 t ha-1) were recorded in treatment T1, surpassing the 100% recommended dose of fertilizer (T7) by 13.7%, 20% and 10.4 %, respectively. The concentration of copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) in the grains of maize, pea and summer mung bean was 38.3%, 14.1%, 29.6% and 53.4%, 22.8 % and 19.8% higher in treatment T1 as compared to treatment T7. Moreover, the concentration of copper and zinc in the grains of maize, pea and summer mung bean was 32.1%, 24.2% and 29.5 % and 21.7%, 17.6% and 11.6% higher in treatment T1, respectively, compared to treatment T7. Similarly, the increase in the uptake of Cu and Zn was observed in both grain and straw of maize, pea and summer mung bean. The study concluded that the integrated nutrient management (INM) treatment is to substitute a portion of chemical fertilizers with a more sustainable and environmentally safe organic compost in order to mitigate soil degradation, improve crop production, and protect the environment.

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长期施用有机肥对玉米、豌豆和绿豆（Vigna radiata L.）种植系统的产量、锌和铜吸收的影响

为了评估长期施用有机肥对玉米、豌豆和夏绿豆种植系统的产量、锌和铜吸收的影响，在卢迪亚纳旁遮普农业大学的综合耕作系统进行了一项田间研究。处理组合为：T1：通过推荐的氮磷钾（NPK）替代 50%的氮+通过堆肥（FYM）替代 50%的氮；T2：通过堆肥（FYM）替代 100%的氮；T3：T2 + 间作（万寿菊与豌豆、豇豆与玉米），T4：T5：50%的氮作为堆肥+磷矿石代替作物对磷的需求+磷酸盐溶解细菌培养物（PSB）；T6：T2+含有氮和磷载体的生物肥料（联合体）；T7：通过化学肥料获得 100% 的推荐氮磷钾。通过农家肥（FYM）施用 50%的氮和 50%的推荐肥料剂量（T1），然后通过农家肥 + 含有氮和磷载体的生物肥料（T7）施用 100%的氮，产量、微量元素含量和吸收率都有显著提高。氮和磷的生物肥（T6）。在处理 T1 中，玉米（5.72 吨/公顷-1）、豌豆（16.2 吨/公顷-1）和夏绿豆（11.6 吨/公顷-1）的粮食产量最高，分别比 100%建议施肥量（T7）高出 13.7%、20% 和 10.4%。与处理 T7 相比，处理 T1 玉米、豌豆和夏绿豆籽粒中铜（Cu）和锌（Zn）的浓度分别高出 38.3%、14.1%、29.6% 和 53.4%、22.8% 和 19.8%。此外，与处理 T7 相比，处理 T1 中玉米、豌豆和夏绿豆籽粒中的铜和锌浓度分别高出 32.1%、24.2% 和 29.5%，以及 21.7%、17.6% 和 11.6%。同样，玉米、豌豆和夏绿豆的谷物和秸秆对铜和锌的吸收也有所增加。研究得出结论，综合养分管理（INM）处理是用更可持续、对环境更安全的有机堆肥替代部分化肥，以缓解土壤退化、提高作物产量并保护环境。

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Journal of Soil, Plant and Environment Agricultural Sciences-Environmental Sciences

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期刊介绍： Journal of Soil, Plant and Environment is an open peer-reviewed journal that considers articles and review articles on all aspects of agricultural sciences. Aim and Scope Journal of Soil, Plant and Environment (ISSN: 2957-9082) is an international journal dedicated to the advancements in agriculture throughout the world. The goal of this journal is to provide a platform for scientists, students, academics and engineers all over the world to promote, share, and discuss various new issues and developments in different areas of agricultural sciences. All manuscripts must be prepared in English and are subject to a rigorous and fair peer-review process. Accepted papers will appear online within 3 weeks followed by printed hard copy. Journal of Soil, Plant and Environment (ISSN: 2957-9082) publishes original papers including but not limited to the following fields: Soil–plant relationships; crop science; soil science; biometry; crop, soil, pasture, and range management; crop, forage, and pasture production and utilization; turfgrass; agroclimatology; agronomic models; integrated pest management; integrated agricultural systems; and various aspects of entomology, weed science, animal science, plant pathology, and agricultural economics as applied to production agriculture. We are also interested in: 1) Short Reports– 2-5 pages where the paper is intended to present either an original idea with theoretical treatment or preliminary data and results; 2) Book Reviews – Comments and critiques of recently published books in agricultural sciences.