Genome-Wide Identification, Evolution, and Expression Analysis of the MAPK Gene Family in Rosaceae Plants

IF 3.1 3区农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE

Horticulturae Pub Date : 2023-12-11 DOI:10.3390/horticulturae9121328

Yongjuan Yang, Hao Tang, Yuchen Huang, Yanyi Zheng, Yuanyuan Sun, Qi Wang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are crucial regulators in coping with abiotic and biotic stresses, including drought, salinity, fungi, and pathogens. However, little is known about the characteristics, evolution process, and functional divergence of the MAPK gene family in Rosaceae plants. A total of 97 MAPK members were identified in six Rosaceae species, including 12 genes in Fragaria vesca, 22 genes in Malus domestica, 23 genes in Pyrus bretschneideri, 12 genes in Prunus mume, 14 genes in Prunus persica, and 14 genes in Rosa chinensis. All MAPK members of six Rosaceae plants were categorized into four clusters by the phylogenetic relationship analysis. Collinearity analysis discovered that both segmental duplication and tandem duplication contributed to the expansion of MAPK family genes in Rosaceae plants. And the analysis of motifs and gene structures indicated that the evolution of the MAPK gene family was highly conserved among phylogenetic clusters in Rosaceae species. In addition, the dN/dS rates of MAPK paralogous gene pairs were below one, suggesting the MAPK gene family in Rosaceae was driven by purifying selective pressure. Furthermore, functional divergence analysis discovered that 14 amino acid residues were detected as potentially key sites for functional divergence of MAPK family genes between different cluster pairs, specifically Type I functional divergence. The analysis of functional distance indicated that cluster C retained more of the original functional features, while cluster B exhibited functional specialization. Moreover, the expression profiles revealed that PmMAPK8, PmMAPK9, and PmMAPK10 were both highly expressed under drought stress and low temperature conditions. This study aims to comprehensively analyze the evolutionary process and functional analyses of the MAPK gene family in Rosaceae plants, which will lay the foundation for future studies into MAPK genes of Rosaceae in response to drought and cold stress.

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蔷薇科植物 MAPK 基因家族的全基因组鉴定、进化和表达分析

丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAPK）是应对干旱、盐度、真菌和病原体等非生物和生物胁迫的关键调节因子。然而，人们对蔷薇科植物中 MAPK 基因家族的特征、进化过程和功能分化知之甚少。本研究在 6 种蔷薇科植物中共鉴定出 97 个 MAPK 成员，其中包括 Fragaria vesca 的 12 个基因、Malus domestica 的 22 个基因、Pyrus bretschneideri 的 23 个基因、Prunus mume 的 12 个基因、Prunus persica 的 14 个基因和 Rosa chinensis 的 14 个基因。通过系统发育关系分析，六种蔷薇科植物的所有 MAPK 成员被分为四个聚类。共线性分析发现，节段重复和串联重复都是蔷薇科植物 MAPK 家族基因扩增的原因。对基因主题和基因结构的分析表明，MAPK 基因家族的进化在蔷薇科植物各系统发生群之间高度保守。此外，MAPK旁系基因对的dN/dS率低于1，表明蔷薇科植物的MAPK基因家族是由纯化选择压力驱动的。此外，功能分异分析发现，有 14 个氨基酸残基可能是不同簇对间 MAPK 家族基因功能分异的关键位点，特别是 I 型功能分异。功能距离分析表明，簇 C 保留了更多的原始功能特征，而簇 B 则表现出功能特化。此外，表达谱显示，PmMAPK8、PmMAPK9 和 PmMAPK10 在干旱胁迫和低温条件下均高表达。本研究旨在全面分析蔷薇科植物MAPK基因家族的进化过程和功能分析，为今后研究蔷薇科植物MAPK基因应对干旱和寒冷胁迫奠定基础。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Horticulturae HORTICULTURE-

CiteScore

3.50

自引率

19.40%

发文量

998

期刊介绍： Horticulturae (ISSN 2311-7524) is an international, multidisciplinary, peer-reviewed, open access journal focusing on all areas and aspects of temperate to tropical horticulture. It publishes original empirical and theoretical research articles, short communications, reviews, and opinion articles. We intend to encourage scientists to publish and communicate their results concerning all branches of horticulture in a timely manner and in an open venue, after being evaluated by the journal editors and randomly selected independent expert reviewers, so that all articles will never be judged in relation to how much they confirm or criticize the opinions of other researchers.