Metabolic profile and body condition score of Crioulo horses finalists in the Freio de Ouro competition

Mariana Andrade Mousquer, B. Curcio, Camila Gervini Wendt, B. S. S. Moraes, Rafaela Pinto de Souza, Isadora Paz de Oliveira dos Santos, Gabriela Marocco Raphaelli, Carlos Eduardo Wayne Nogueira
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Abstract

The aim of this study was to assess the body condition score (BCS) and metabolic profile of finalists in the Freio de Ouro competition, stratified by sex. This study examined 84 Crioulo horses, comprising 43 non-pregnant mares and 41 stallions. Morphometric measurements, including BCS, cresty neck score (CNS), neck and heart girth, and assessments of fat depth at the neck and at the tail base, were conducted. Additional derived measurements such as the percentage of body fat (%BF), body mass index (BMI), fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), heart girth:height ratio (HG:HW), and neck circumference:height ratio (NC:HW) were calculated. A subgroup of 53 animals was selected for the evaluation of metabolic parameters, including triglycerides, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), and adiponectin.In terms of BCS, 21% of participants were classified as overweight, with 49% having CNS≥3. Females exhibited greater fat deposition at the tail base and neck, along with higher %BF, FM, and HG:HW ratio, and lower NC:HWcompared to males. Among metabolic variables, females showed higher concentrations of LDH, LDL, CK, and lower concentrations of adiponectin than males. No differences were observed in morphometric measurements between participants that qualified for the final day of the competition and those which were disqualified. The study revealed that despite the rigorous physical demands and preparation required for the Freio de Ouro competition, a percentage of participants were overweight, displaying increased regional fat deposition in the neck. Although no metabolic changes related to increased adiposity were identified, the findings indicate a predisposition to the development of metabolic alterations. Additionally, females exhibited a greater accumulation of fat than males.
Crioulo 马匹入围 Freio de Ouro 比赛的代谢特征和身体状况评分
本研究的目的是评估Freio de Ouro比赛决赛马匹的体况评分(BCS)和新陈代谢情况,并按性别进行分层。本研究对 84 匹克里乌洛马进行了检查,其中包括 43 匹未怀孕的母马和 41 匹公马。进行了形态测量,包括BCS、嵴颈评分(CNS)、颈围和心围,以及颈部和尾基部脂肪深度评估。此外,还计算了其他衍生测量值,如体脂百分比(%BF)、体重指数(BMI)、脂肪量(FM)、无脂肪量(FFM)、心周与身高之比(HG:HW)以及颈围与身高之比(NC:HW)。选取了 53 只动物进行代谢参数评估,包括甘油三酯、胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、肌酸激酶(CK)和脂肪连通素。与男性相比,女性的尾基部和颈部脂肪沉积较多,BF%、FM和HG:HW比率较高,NC:HW比率较低。在代谢变量中,与雄性相比,雌性的低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDH)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL)和肌酸激酶(CK)浓度较高,而脂肪连通素(adiponectin)浓度较低。获得决赛资格的参赛者与被取消资格的参赛者在形态测量方面没有发现差异。研究显示,尽管参加 Freio de Ouro 比赛需要进行严格的体能要求和准备,但仍有一定比例的参赛者体重超标,颈部脂肪沉积增加。虽然没有发现与脂肪增加有关的新陈代谢变化,但研究结果表明,参赛者有发生新陈代谢变化的倾向。此外,女性比男性的脂肪堆积更多。
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