The impact of wild boars on the temporal resource utilisation of silver pheasants in South China

IF 1.6 3区生物学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Wildlife Research Pub Date : 2023-12-19 DOI:10.1071/wr23043

Wei Liu, Xinhang Song, Ruge Wang, Lingying Shuai, Shuping Xiao, Yanzhen Bu

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Context

Increased populations of wild boar (Sus scrofa) in many ecosystems have raised concern regarding the impacts of this species on ecosystems and biodiversity. The relationship between other wildlife and wild boars is not yet fully understood, due to a lack of studies on whether and how other wildlife avoid wild boar interference.

Aims

This study aimed to investigate the impact of wild boars on the temporal resource utilisation of silver pheasants (Lophura nycthemera).

Methods

Eighteen infrared camera stations were deployed during the survey period of May 2020 to April 2022. We utilised avoidance–attraction ratios for evaluating the temporal interaction between silver pheasants and wild boars. We also used a kernel density for measuring their daily activity patterns and interspecific overlap. We simultaneously analysed the impact of human activities on silver pheasants as the reference basis for evaluating the degree of interference by wild boars.

Key results

The total survey effort was 1620 camera days, resulting in a total of 3451 independent detections. The silver pheasants showcased avoidance of both wild boars and human activities (avoidance–attraction ratios were both significantly greater than 1; P < 0.05). The highest degree of temporal overlap was observed between silver pheasants and human activities (Δ = 0.711), followed by wild boars (Δ = 0.615). They both depicted a significant difference in temporal ecological niche differentiation (P < 0.05).

Conclusions

Our results indicated that wild boars had a significant impact on the temporal resource utilisation of silver pheasants. The presence of wild boars significantly prolonged the recurrent reappearance time of silver pheasants in the same location. To avoid potential interference from wild boars, silver pheasants maximised activity frequencies during low activity periods of wild boars.

Implications

This study provides useful information for understanding the relationship between wild boars and other wildlife that inhabited the same areas. Future research will need to investigate both individual and combined impacts of wild boars and human activities on other wildlife.

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野猪对华南白鹇时空资源利用的影响

背景在许多生态系统中，野猪（Sus scrofa）数量的增加引起了人们对这一物种对生态系统和生物多样性影响的关注。由于缺乏对其他野生动物是否以及如何避免野猪干扰的研究，人们尚未完全了解其他野生动物与野猪之间的关系。目的本研究旨在调查野猪对白鹇（Lophura nycthemera）时间资源利用的影响。方法在 2020 年 5 月至 2022 年 4 月的调查期间部署了 18 个红外摄像站。我们利用回避-吸引比率来评估白鹇与野猪之间的时间互动。我们还使用核密度来测量它们的日常活动模式和种间重叠。我们同时分析了人类活动对白鹇的影响，以此作为评估野猪干扰程度的参考依据。主要结果总调查时间为 1620 个照相日，共独立发现 3451 次。白鹇表现出对野猪和人类活动的回避（回避-吸引比均显著大于 1；P < 0.05）。白鹇与人类活动的时间重合度最高（Δ = 0.711），其次是野猪（Δ = 0.615）。它们在时间生态位分化方面都存在显著差异（P < 0.05）。结论我们的研究结果表明，野猪对白鹇的时间资源利用有显著影响。野猪的存在明显延长了白鹇在同一地点的重复出现时间。为了避免野猪的潜在干扰，白眉雉鸡在野猪低活动期最大限度地提高了活动频率。意义这项研究为了解野猪与栖息在同一地区的其他野生动物之间的关系提供了有用的信息。未来的研究需要调查野猪和人类活动对其他野生动物的单独和综合影响。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Wildlife Research 生物-动物学

CiteScore

4.30

自引率

15.80%

发文量

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Wildlife Research represents an international forum for the publication of research and debate on the ecology, management and conservation of wild animals in natural and modified habitats. The journal combines basic research in wildlife ecology with advances in science-based management practice. Subject areas include: applied ecology; conservation biology; ecosystem management; management of over-abundant, pest and invasive species; global change and wildlife management; diseases and their impacts on wildlife populations; human dimensions of management and conservation; assessing management outcomes; and the implications of wildlife research for policy development. Readers can expect a range of papers covering well-structured field studies, manipulative experiments, and analytical and modelling studies. All articles aim to improve the practice of wildlife management and contribute conceptual advances to our knowledge and understanding of wildlife ecology. Wildlife Research is a vital resource for wildlife scientists, students and managers, applied ecologists, conservation biologists, environmental consultants and NGOs and government policy advisors. Wildlife Research is published with the endorsement of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) and the Australian Academy of Science.