{"title":"Influence of the Rate of Changes in the COX1 Gene on Body Size and Sexual Selection in Carp Hybridization","authors":"V. V. Stolbunova, E. A. Borovikova","doi":"10.1134/s199508292306024x","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The influence of mtDNA cytochrome <i>c</i>-oxidase I gene fragment variability on body length has been studied in 12 species of cyprinids, which may have hybrids with <i>Rutilus rutilus</i> L. and <i>Abramis brama</i> L., and in reciprocal hybrids (RA and AR) and alloplasmatic backcrosses (<sub>A</sub>RR and <sub>R</sub>AA) of roach (R) and bream (A). It has been established that the rate of nucleotide substitutions in COX1 is negatively related not only to body size but also to fish lifespan which differentiates them into two groups: group I (species with a high rate of COX1 changes and a relatively small body size) and group II (species with low sequence variability and relatively large body size). The boundary for the distinguished groups runs between species of the same genus, <i>Leuciscus leuciscus</i> and <i>L. idus:</i> with a twofold decrease in the rate of substitutions in ide, a twofold increase in body size and lifespan occurs, which indicates a decrease in the rate of cellular respiration and free radical leak, and the exact mitonuclear match respiratory complexes. Presumably, the decrease in the rate of COX1 changes in species of group II and in bleak <i>Alburnus alburnus</i> is associated with an increase in the size of the genome, which provides the additional protection of genes from chemical mutagens and, regardless of body size, reduces the rate of aerobic metabolism. It has been experimentally shown that mtDNA affects body length. When bream mtDNA is included in the roach nuclear genome, <sub>A</sub>RR backcrosses have the body length of a bream and high viability, while <sub>R</sub>AA backcrosses with roach mtDNA and the bream nuclear genome inherit the roach body length and reduce viability. Species of group II are not able to effectively use the highly polymorphic mtDNA of species of group I, which is also manifested by a violation of the inheritance of a longer bream body length in RA hybrids and leads to reproductive isolation. Group I species, such as <i>Rutilus rutilus,</i> can include mtDNA of both groups in their genome, which underlies sexual selection in hybridization. Accordingly, sexual size dimorphism has a genetic origin, and the body size for a potential partner can be a signal for determining the mitonuclear compatibility of genomes in respiratory complexes.</p>","PeriodicalId":50359,"journal":{"name":"Inland Water Biology","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8000,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Inland Water Biology","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s199508292306024x","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The influence of mtDNA cytochrome c-oxidase I gene fragment variability on body length has been studied in 12 species of cyprinids, which may have hybrids with Rutilus rutilus L. and Abramis brama L., and in reciprocal hybrids (RA and AR) and alloplasmatic backcrosses (ARR and RAA) of roach (R) and bream (A). It has been established that the rate of nucleotide substitutions in COX1 is negatively related not only to body size but also to fish lifespan which differentiates them into two groups: group I (species with a high rate of COX1 changes and a relatively small body size) and group II (species with low sequence variability and relatively large body size). The boundary for the distinguished groups runs between species of the same genus, Leuciscus leuciscus and L. idus: with a twofold decrease in the rate of substitutions in ide, a twofold increase in body size and lifespan occurs, which indicates a decrease in the rate of cellular respiration and free radical leak, and the exact mitonuclear match respiratory complexes. Presumably, the decrease in the rate of COX1 changes in species of group II and in bleak Alburnus alburnus is associated with an increase in the size of the genome, which provides the additional protection of genes from chemical mutagens and, regardless of body size, reduces the rate of aerobic metabolism. It has been experimentally shown that mtDNA affects body length. When bream mtDNA is included in the roach nuclear genome, ARR backcrosses have the body length of a bream and high viability, while RAA backcrosses with roach mtDNA and the bream nuclear genome inherit the roach body length and reduce viability. Species of group II are not able to effectively use the highly polymorphic mtDNA of species of group I, which is also manifested by a violation of the inheritance of a longer bream body length in RA hybrids and leads to reproductive isolation. Group I species, such as Rutilus rutilus, can include mtDNA of both groups in their genome, which underlies sexual selection in hybridization. Accordingly, sexual size dimorphism has a genetic origin, and the body size for a potential partner can be a signal for determining the mitonuclear compatibility of genomes in respiratory complexes.
期刊介绍：
Inland Water Biology publishes thematic reviews and original papers devoted to flora and fauna in waterbodies, biodiversity of hydrobionts, biology, morphology, systematics, ecology, ethology, ecological physiology and biochemistry of aquatic organisms, patterns of biological cycle, structure and functioning of aquatic ecosystems, anthropogenic and uncontrolled natural impacts on aquatic organisms and ecosystems, invasion of nonindigenous species into ecosystems and their ecology, methods of hydrobiological and ichthyological studies.
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