Mendelian randomization study supports the causal effects of air pollution on longevity via multiple age-related diseases

IF 5.4 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY
Shizheng Qiu, Yang Hu, Guiyou Liu
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Abstract

Growing evidence suggests that exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) may reduce life expectancy; however, the causal pathways of PM2.5 exposure affecting life expectancy remain unknown. Here, we assess the causal effects of genetically predicted PM2.5 concentration on common chronic diseases and longevity using a Mendelian randomization (MR) statistical framework based on large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) (>400,000 participants). After adjusting for other types of air pollution and smoking, we find significant causal relationships between PM2.5 concentration and angina pectoris, hypercholesterolaemia and hypothyroidism, but no causal relationship with longevity. Mediation analysis shows that although the association between PM2.5 concentration and longevity is not significant, PM2.5 exposure indirectly affects longevity via diastolic blood pressure (DBP), hypertension, angina pectoris, hypercholesterolaemia and Alzheimer’s disease, with a mediated proportion of 31.5, 70.9, 2.5, 100, and 24.7%, respectively. Our findings indicate that public health policies to control air pollution may help improve life expectancy.

Abstract Image

孟德尔随机化研究支持空气污染通过多种老年相关疾病对长寿产生因果效应
越来越多的证据表明,暴露于细颗粒物(PM2.5)可能会减少预期寿命;然而,PM2.5暴露影响预期寿命的因果途径仍然未知。在此,我们利用基于大规模全基因组关联研究(GWAS)(40 万参与者)的孟德尔随机化(MR)统计框架,评估了基因预测的 PM2.5 浓度对常见慢性病和寿命的因果效应。在对其他类型的空气污染和吸烟进行调整后,我们发现 PM2.5 浓度与心绞痛、高胆固醇血症和甲状腺机能减退之间存在显著的因果关系,但与长寿没有因果关系。中介分析表明,尽管PM2.5浓度与长寿之间的关系不显著,但PM2.5暴露通过舒张压(DBP)、高血压、心绞痛、高胆固醇血症和阿尔茨海默病间接影响长寿,中介比例分别为31.5%、70.9%、2.5%、100%和24.7%。我们的研究结果表明,控制空气污染的公共卫生政策可能有助于提高预期寿命。
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来源期刊
NPJ Aging and Mechanisms of Disease
NPJ Aging and Mechanisms of Disease Medicine-Geriatrics and Gerontology
自引率
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0
审稿时长
8 weeks
期刊介绍: npj Aging and Mechanisms of Disease is an online open access journal that provides a forum for the world’s most important research in the fields of aging and aging-related disease. The journal publishes papers from all relevant disciplines, encouraging those that shed light on the mechanisms behind aging and the associated diseases. The journal’s scope includes, but is not restricted to, the following areas (not listed in order of preference): • cellular and molecular mechanisms of aging and aging-related diseases • interventions to affect the process of aging and longevity • homeostatic regulation and aging • age-associated complications • translational research into prevention and treatment of aging-related diseases • mechanistic bases for epidemiological aspects of aging-related disease.
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