{"title":"On Linear Equations of Dynamics","authors":"V. V. Kozlov","doi":"10.1134/s0081543823040119","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p> We consider linear autonomous systems of second-order differential equations that do not contain first derivatives of independent variables. Such systems are often encountered in classical mechanics. Of particular interest are cases where external forces are not potential. An important special case is given by the equations of nonholonomic mechanics linearized in the vicinity of equilibria of the second kind. We show that linear systems of this type can always be represented as Lagrange and Hamilton equations, and these equations are completely integrable: they admit complete sets of independent involutive integrals that are quadratic or linear in velocity. The linear integrals are Noetherian: they appear due to nontrivial symmetry groups. </p>","PeriodicalId":54557,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Steklov Institute of Mathematics","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4000,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Proceedings of the Steklov Institute of Mathematics","FirstCategoryId":"100","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0081543823040119","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"MATHEMATICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
We consider linear autonomous systems of second-order differential equations that do not contain first derivatives of independent variables. Such systems are often encountered in classical mechanics. Of particular interest are cases where external forces are not potential. An important special case is given by the equations of nonholonomic mechanics linearized in the vicinity of equilibria of the second kind. We show that linear systems of this type can always be represented as Lagrange and Hamilton equations, and these equations are completely integrable: they admit complete sets of independent involutive integrals that are quadratic or linear in velocity. The linear integrals are Noetherian: they appear due to nontrivial symmetry groups.
期刊介绍：
Proceedings of the Steklov Institute of Mathematics is a cover-to-cover translation of the Trudy Matematicheskogo Instituta imeni V.A. Steklova of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Each issue ordinarily contains either one book-length article or a collection of articles pertaining to the same topic.
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