Fifteen-minute consultation: Pathophysiology of postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome in children and adolescents: diagnosis and management strategies

Jiashi Li, Angas Hamer, Samuel Menahem
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Abstract

Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) affects children and adolescents—normally fit and well and yet troubled by a myriad of everyday symptoms. Understanding the pathophysiology of this not uncommon disorder together with a review of the clinical features may well assist the attending clinicians to arrive at a clear diagnosis without the need for extensive testing and multiple investigations. Simple lifestyle measures such as increasing fluid intake, electrolyte and/or salt supplements, adequate sleep, not missing out on meals and instituting an exercise programme to improve muscle tone and strength may avoid the need of pharmacological management. These simple measures may benefit symptoms which generally improve as adulthood approaches. In addition, it is important to recognise the comorbidities that may be associated with POTS, each of which may require specific management strategies. This paper reviews the pathophysiology, clinical features and recommended treatment in the management of POTS.
十五分钟咨询:儿童和青少年体位性正位性心动过速综合征的病理生理学:诊断和管理策略
体位性正位性心动过速综合征(POTS)影响着儿童和青少年--他们通常身体健康,但却受到各种日常症状的困扰。了解这种并不罕见的疾病的病理生理学,并回顾其临床特征,可以帮助临床主治医生得出明确诊断,而无需进行大量测试和多项检查。简单的生活方式措施,如增加液体摄入量、补充电解质和/或盐分、充足睡眠、不缺餐,以及制定运动计划以改善肌肉张力和力量,都可以避免药物治疗。这些简单的措施可能会对症状有所改善,而随着年龄的增长,症状一般也会有所改善。此外,重要的是要认识到可能与 POTS 相关的合并症,每种合并症都可能需要特定的管理策略。本文回顾了 POTS 的病理生理学、临床特征和建议的治疗方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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