Meteorological drivers of melt at two nearby glaciers in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica

IF 2.8 3区 地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL
Marte G. Hofsteenge, Nicolas J. Cullen, Jonathan P. Conway, Carleen H. Reijmer, Michiel R. van den Broeke, Marwan Katurji
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Abstract

We study the meteorological drivers of melt at two glaciers in Taylor Valley, Antarctica, using 22 years of weather station observations and surface energy fluxes. The glaciers are located only 30 km apart, but have different local climates; Taylor Glacier is generally drier and windier than Commonwealth Glacier, which receives more snowfall due to its proximity to the coast. Commonwealth Glacier shows more inter-annual melt variability, explained by variable albedo due to summer snowfall events. A significant increase in surface melt at Commonwealth Glacier is associated with a decrease in summer minimum albedo. Inter-annual variability in melt at both glaciers is linked to degree-days above freezing during föhn events, occurring more frequently at Taylor Glacier. At Taylor Glacier melt occurs most often with positive air temperatures, but föhn conditions also favour sublimation, which cools the surface and prevents melt for the majority of the positive air temperatures. At Commonwealth Glacier, most of the melt instead occurs with sub-zero air temperatures, driven by strong solar radiative heating. Future melt at Taylor Glacier will likely be more sensitive to changes in föhn events, while Commonwealth Glacier will be impacted more by changes in near coastal weather, where moisture inputs can drive cloud cover, snowfall and change albedo.

南极洲麦克默多干谷附近两个冰川融化的气象驱动因素
我们利用 22 年的气象站观测数据和地表能量通量,研究了南极泰勒谷两座冰川融化的气象驱动因素。这两个冰川相距仅 30 公里,但当地气候不同;泰勒冰川通常比英联邦冰川更干燥,风力更大,而英联邦冰川由于靠近海岸,降雪量更大。英联邦冰川显示出更大的年际融化变化,原因是夏季降雪事件导致反照率变化。英联邦冰川地表融化量的大幅增加与夏季最低反照率的降低有关。两处冰川融化量的年际变化都与冰雪事件期间冰点以上的度日有关,泰勒冰川的冰雪事件发生得更为频繁。在泰勒冰川,融化最常发生在气温为正的时候,但 föhn 条件也有利于升华,从而冷却冰川表面,在大部分气温为正的情况下阻止融化。而在 Commonwealth 冰川,大部分融化是在零度以下的气温下发生的,这是由强烈的太阳辐射加热所驱动的。泰勒冰川未来的融化可能会对弗恩事件的变化更加敏感,而英联邦冰川将更多地受到近岸天气变化的影响,因为近岸天气的湿度输入会推动云层、降雪和反照率的变化。
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来源期刊
Journal of Glaciology
Journal of Glaciology 地学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
5.80
自引率
14.70%
发文量
101
审稿时长
6 months
期刊介绍: Journal of Glaciology publishes original scientific articles and letters in any aspect of glaciology- the study of ice. Studies of natural, artificial, and extraterrestrial ice and snow, as well as interactions between ice, snow and the atmospheric, oceanic and subglacial environment are all eligible. They may be based on field work, remote sensing, laboratory investigations, theoretical analysis or numerical modelling, or may report on newly developed glaciological instruments. Subjects covered recently in the Journal have included palaeoclimatology and the chemistry of the atmosphere as revealed in ice cores; theoretical and applied physics and chemistry of ice; the dynamics of glaciers and ice sheets, and changes in their extent and mass under climatic forcing; glacier energy balances at all scales; glacial landforms, and glaciers as geomorphic agents; snow science in all its aspects; ice as a host for surface and subglacial ecosystems; sea ice, icebergs and lake ice; and avalanche dynamics and other glacial hazards to human activity. Studies of permafrost and of ice in the Earth’s atmosphere are also within the domain of the Journal, as are interdisciplinary applications to engineering, biological, and social sciences, and studies in the history of glaciology.
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