Main Areas of Scientific Research at the Department of Soil Erosion and Conservation: Current State and Prospects of Development

O. A. Makarov, M. S. Kuznetsov, V. V. Demidov, D. V. Karpova, P. S. Shulga, D. R. Abdulkhanova, E. N. Esafova, E. N. Kubarev
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Abstract

The Department of Soil Erosion and Conservation has developed the following main scientific areas: “Assessment of Erosion Processes in Soils of Various Bioclimatic Zones,” “Study of Fundamentals of Sustainable Land Use,” and “Ecological and Economic Assessment of Soil and Land Degradation.” It is proposed to develop both the existing areas of scientific research with a certain correction of their names and problems (“Analysis and Modeling of Erosion Processes in Soils, Taking into Account Soil Erosion under Climate Change Conditions,” “Development of the Concept of Sustainable Land Use in the Context of Food Security,” and “Ecology, Economics, and Sociodemographic Features of Land Use under Conditions of Climate Change and Soil Degradation”) and new areas that have some research history at the department “Development of Principles of Soil Protection” and “Development of Methodological Foundations of Land Reclamation.” The necessity of creating a holistic concept of soil protection is considered in particular detail. This concept should include the formulation of legal (legislative and regulatory–methodological) principles of soil protection, as well as the development of assessment criteria under which soils should be protected and the development of soil protection systems (primarily systems protecting from erosion processes) under different bioclimatic and administrative-territorial conditions.

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土壤侵蚀和水土保持部的主要科研领域:现状与发展前景
摘要土壤侵蚀与保持系主要发展了“不同生物气候带土壤侵蚀过程评价”、“土地可持续利用基础研究”和“土壤与土地退化生态与经济评价”。建议发展现有的科学研究领域,并对其名称和问题进行一定程度的纠正(“考虑气候变化条件下土壤侵蚀的土壤侵蚀过程分析与建模”,“粮食安全背景下土地可持续利用概念的发展”,“气候变化和土壤退化条件下土地利用的生态学、经济学和社会人口特征”),以及在“土壤保护原理发展”和“土地复垦方法基础发展”部门有一定研究历史的新领域。特别详细地考虑了建立一个整体的土壤保护概念的必要性。这一概念应包括制定土壤保护的法律(立法和管理方法)原则,以及制定保护土壤的评估标准,并在不同的生物气候和行政-领土条件下发展土壤保护系统(主要是防止侵蚀过程的系统)。
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