Frameless and fiducial-less, O-arm assisted navigation for deep brain stimulation placement using the Nexframe®. A technical note

Abstract

O-arm® assisted navigation for placement of deep brain stimulation (DBS) electrodes using the Nexframe® device is a relatively new method that has been in use at many centers in the United States. However, no reports have described this operative technique in detail. In this technical report we describe the surgical nuances of this method in a stepwise approach. We also review and discuss the accuracy of this method in comparison to other methods of placing DBS electrodes.