Still air resistance during walking and running

Matteo M. Pecchiari, M. A. Legramandi, Giuseppe Gibertini, Giovanni A. Cavagna
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Abstract

In everyday life during terrestrial locomotion our body interacts with two media opposing the forward movement of the body: the ground and the air. Whereas the work done to overcome the ground reaction force has been extensively studied, the work done to overcome still air resistance has been only indirectly estimated by means of theoretical studies and by measurements of the force exerted on puppets simulating the geometry of the human body. In this study, we directly measured the force exerted by still air resistance on eight male subjects during walking and running on an instrumented treadmill with a belt moving at the same speed of a flow of laminar air facing the subject. Overall, the coefficient of proportionality between drag and velocity squared (Aeff) was smaller during running than walking. During running Aeff decreased progressively with increasing average velocity up to an apparently constant, velocity independent value, similar to that predicted in the literature using indirect methods. A predictive equation to estimate drag as a function of the speed and the height of the running subject is provided.
行走和跑步时的空气阻力依然存在
在日常生活中,在陆地运动中,我们的身体与两种反对身体向前运动的媒介相互作用:地面和空气。虽然克服地面反作用力所做的功已经被广泛研究,但克服静止空气阻力所做的功只是通过理论研究和通过模拟人体几何形状的木偶施加的力的测量来间接估计的。在这项研究中,我们直接测量了8名男性受试者在一个仪器化的跑步机上行走和跑步时,静止空气阻力对他们施加的力,跑步机上的皮带以与层流气流相同的速度移动。总体而言,跑步时阻力与速度平方之间的比例系数(Aeff)小于步行。在运行过程中,Aeff随着平均速度的增加而逐渐减小,直到一个明显恒定的、与速度无关的值,这与文献中使用间接方法预测的结果相似。给出了一个预测方程来估计阻力作为运行对象的速度和高度的函数。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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