Testing a Lepto-Hadronic Two-Zone Model with Extreme High-Synchrotron Peaked BL Lacs and Track-like High-Energy Neutrinos

IF 3.2 Q2 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
Galaxies Pub Date : 2023-12-06 DOI:10.3390/galaxies11060117
E. Aguilar-Ruiz, A. Galván-Gámez, N. Fraija
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Numerous studies suggest that high-energy (HE) neutrinos and ultra-high-energy (UHE) cosmic rays could originate from extremely high-synchrotron peaked (EHSP) BL Lacs, which have been identified as effective particle accelerators. Due to the discovery of HE-neutrinos by the IceCube telescope, these hypotheses may shortly have the opportunity to be tested. In this work, we use a two-zone leptohadronic model to explain the spatial coincidence of three EHSP BL Lac: 1RXS J09462.5+010459, 1ES 1101-232, and 3HSP J095507.9+355101 with the arrival of track-like neutrinos. Our results for 1RXS J09462.5+010459 and 1ES 1101-232 indicate that the model accurately describes the electromagnetic emission and neutrino events without increasing the fluxes in the measured bands. In addition, the X-ray flaring state of 3HSP J095507.9+355101 can be explained by our model, but the measured ultraviolet flux during the neutrino arrival time window cannot be explained. For all cases, the broadband emission and neutrino arrival are better described by hard proton distributions ≈1.5. Finally, the proton luminosity required to explain the neutrino fluxes is slightly higher than the Eddington limit with a photopion efficiency of ≈0.1 for non-flaring state cases. On the other hand, for the flaring state of 3HSP J095507.9+355101, the proton luminosity must be higher than the Eddington limit at least by one order of magnitude, even if the photopion efficiency reaches unity.
用极端高同步辐射峰值 BL Lacs 和轨迹样高能中微子测试跃迁-超高速双区模型
大量研究表明,高能(HE)中微子和超高能(UHE)宇宙射线可能来自极高同步加速器峰值(EHSP) BL lac,它们已被确定为有效的粒子加速器。由于冰立方望远镜发现了he中微子,这些假设可能很快就有机会得到验证。在这项工作中,我们使用一个双区细色子模型来解释三个EHSP BL Lac: 1RXS J09462.5+010459, 1ES 1101-232和3HSP J095507.9+355101与轨道中微子到达的空间重合。我们对1RXS J09462.5+010459和1ES 1101-232的结果表明,该模型在不增加测量波段通量的情况下准确地描述了电磁发射和中微子事件。此外,我们的模型可以解释3HSP J095507.9+355101的x射线耀斑状态,但无法解释中微子到达时间窗期间测量到的紫外线通量。在所有情况下,用硬质子分布≈1.5可以更好地描述宽带发射和中微子到达。最后,解释中微子通量所需的质子光度略高于Eddington极限,在非燃烧状态下的光子效率为≈0.1。另一方面,对于3HSP J095507.9+355101的燃烧状态,即使光子效率达到统一,质子光度也必须比Eddington极限至少高出一个数量级。
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来源期刊
Galaxies
Galaxies Physics and Astronomy-Astronomy and Astrophysics
CiteScore
4.90
自引率
12.00%
发文量
100
审稿时长
11 weeks
期刊介绍: Es una revista internacional de acceso abierto revisada por pares que proporciona un foro avanzado para estudios relacionados con astronomía, astrofísica y cosmología. Areas temáticas Astronomía Astrofísica Cosmología Astronomía observacional: radio, infrarrojo, óptico, rayos X, neutrino, etc. Ciencia planetaria Equipos y tecnologías de astronomía. Ingeniería Aeroespacial Análisis de datos astronómicos. Astroquímica y Astrobiología. Arqueoastronomía Historia de la astronomía y cosmología. Problemas filosóficos en cosmología.
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