Terminology and Mechanisms of Self-Emulsifying Systems for Biomedical Applications: A Comprehensive Review

IF 1.4 4区化学 Q4 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Colloid Journal Pub Date : 2023-12-10 DOI:10.1134/S1061933X23600719

Manish Kumar, C. P. Jain, Ajay Kumar Shukla, Garima Verma, Vimal Kumar Yadav

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Abstract

Self-emulsifying systems, such as self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS) and self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS), particularly used for enhancing the bioavailability of hydrophobic drugs. This review comprehensively examines the terminologies and mechanisms involved in self-emulsifying systems. The complex nature of self-emulsification is elucidated, encompassing diffusion, interfacial phenomena, and thermodynamic considerations. Three main mechanisms are explored in this review: diffusion and stranding, negative free energy for nanoemulsion formation, and the liquid crystalline (LC) phases formation at the interface. Diffusion and stranding cause rapid diffusion of water-miscible components, forming fine emulsion droplets. However, it lacks a clear thermodynamic explanation. Concept of negative free energy provides a thermodynamic explanation, while the formation of LC phases at the interface is an intermediary event during diffusion-driven self-emulsification. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for developing optimum self-emulsifying formulation for pharmaceutical delivery, food bioactive delivery, and cosmetic applications.

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用于生物医学应用的自乳化系统的术语和机制：全面回顾

摘要自乳化系统，如自乳化给药系统（SEDDS）和自纳米乳化给药系统（SNEDDS），特别用于提高疏水性药物的生物利用度。本综述全面探讨了自乳化系统的术语和相关机制。阐明了自乳化的复杂性质，包括扩散、界面现象和热力学因素。本综述探讨了三种主要机制：扩散和绞合、纳米乳液形成的负自由能以及界面上液晶（LC）相的形成。扩散和绞合会使水溶性成分快速扩散，形成细小的乳液液滴。然而，这缺乏明确的热力学解释。负自由能的概念提供了一种热力学解释，而在界面上形成 LC 相则是扩散驱动自乳化过程中的一个中间事件。了解这些机制对于开发用于药物输送、食品生物活性输送和化妆品应用的最佳自乳化配方至关重要。

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来源期刊

Colloid Journal 化学-物理化学

CiteScore

2.20

自引率

18.20%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Colloid Journal (Kolloidnyi Zhurnal) is the only journal in Russia that publishes the results of research in the area of chemical science dealing with the disperse state of matter and surface phenomena in disperse systems. The journal covers experimental and theoretical works on a great variety of colloid and surface phenomena: the structure and properties of interfaces; adsorption phenomena and structure of adsorption layers of surfactants; capillary phenomena; wetting films; wetting and spreading; and detergency. The formation of colloid systems, their molecular-kinetic and optical properties, surface forces, interaction of colloidal particles, stabilization, and criteria of stability loss of different disperse systems (lyosols and aerosols, suspensions, emulsions, foams, and micellar systems) are also topics of the journal. Colloid Journal also includes the phenomena of electro- and diffusiophoresis, electro- and thermoosmosis, and capillary and reverse osmosis, i.e., phenomena dealing with the existence of diffusion layers of molecules and ions in the vicinity of the interface.