Glider observations of thermohaline staircases in the tropical North Atlantic using an automated classifier

IF 1.8 4区 地球科学 Q3 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Callum Rollo, Karen J. Heywood, Rob A. Hall
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Abstract

Thermohaline staircases are stepped structures of alternating thick mixed layers and thin high-gradient interfaces. These structures can be up to several tens of metres thick and are associated with double-diffusive mixing. Thermohaline staircases occur across broad swathes of the Arctic and tropical and subtropical oceans and can increase rates of diapycnal mixing by up to 5 times the background rate, driving substantial nutrient fluxes to the upper ocean. In this study, we present an improved classification algorithm to detect thermohaline staircases in ocean glider profiles. We use a dataset of 1162 glider profiles from the tropical North Atlantic collected in early 2020 at the edge of a known thermohaline staircase region. The algorithm identifies thermohaline staircases in 97.7 % of profiles that extend deeper than 300 m. We validate our algorithm against previous results obtained from algorithmic classification of Argo float profiles. Using fine-resolution temperature data from a fast-response thermistor on one of the gliders, we explore the effect of varying vertical bin sizes on detected thermohaline staircases. Our algorithm builds on previous work by adding improved flexibility and the ability to classify staircases from profiles with noisy salinity data. Using our results, we propose that the incidence of thermohaline staircases is limited by strong background vertical gradients in conservative temperature and absolute salinity.
使用自动分类器对热带北大西洋热盐梯的滑翔机观测
温盐阶梯是由厚混合层和薄高梯度界面交替构成的阶梯结构。这些结构可达几十米厚,并与双扩散混合有关。温盐阶梯出现在北极、热带和亚热带海洋的大片地区,可使底环流混合速率提高5倍,推动大量营养物质流向上层海洋。在这项研究中,我们提出了一种改进的分类算法来检测海洋滑翔机剖面中的温盐阶梯。我们使用了2020年初在一个已知的温盐阶梯区域边缘收集的来自热带北大西洋的1162个滑翔机剖面数据集。该算法在延伸深度超过300米的剖面中识别出97.7%的温盐楼梯。我们通过Argo浮子剖面的算法分类验证了我们的算法。利用其中一个滑翔机上的快速响应热敏电阻的精细分辨率温度数据,我们探索了不同垂直桶尺寸对检测到的热盐阶梯的影响。我们的算法建立在之前工作的基础上,增加了灵活性,并能够从具有噪声盐度数据的剖面中对楼梯进行分类。根据我们的研究结果,我们认为温盐阶梯的发生受到保守温度和绝对盐度的强背景垂直梯度的限制。
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来源期刊
Geoscientific Instrumentation Methods and Data Systems
Geoscientific Instrumentation Methods and Data Systems GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARYMETEOROLOGY-METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
CiteScore
3.70
自引率
0.00%
发文量
23
审稿时长
37 weeks
期刊介绍: Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems (GI) is an open-access interdisciplinary electronic journal for swift publication of original articles and short communications in the area of geoscientific instruments. It covers three main areas: (i) atmospheric and geospace sciences, (ii) earth science, and (iii) ocean science. A unique feature of the journal is the emphasis on synergy between science and technology that facilitates advances in GI. These advances include but are not limited to the following: concepts, design, and description of instrumentation and data systems; retrieval techniques of scientific products from measurements; calibration and data quality assessment; uncertainty in measurements; newly developed and planned research platforms and community instrumentation capabilities; major national and international field campaigns and observational research programs; new observational strategies to address societal needs in areas such as monitoring climate change and preventing natural disasters; networking of instruments for enhancing high temporal and spatial resolution of observations. GI has an innovative two-stage publication process involving the scientific discussion forum Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems Discussions (GID), which has been designed to do the following: foster scientific discussion; maximize the effectiveness and transparency of scientific quality assurance; enable rapid publication; make scientific publications freely accessible.
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