Multiple assessments, source determination, and health risk apportionment of heavy metal(loid)s in the groundwater of the Shule River Basin in northwestern China

IF 2.7 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Xiaohu Wen, Leiming Li, Jun Wu, Jian Lu, Danrui Sheng
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Abstract

Global ecosystems and public health have been greatly impacted by the accumulation of heavy metal(loid)s in water. Source-specific risk apportionment is needed to prevent and manage potential groundwater contamination with heavy metal(loid)s. The heavy metal(loid)s contamination status, water quality, ecological risk, and health risk apportionment of the Shule River Basin groundwater are poorly understood. Therefore, field sampling was performed to explore the water quality and risk of heavy metal(loid)s in the groundwater of the Shule River Basin in northwestern China. A total of 96 samples were collected from the study area to acquire data for water quality and heavy metal(loid)s risk. There was noticeable accumulation of ferrum in the groundwater of the Shule River Basin. The levels of pollution were considered to be moderately low, as evaluated by the degree of contamination, heavy metal evaluation index, heavy metal pollution index, and Nemerow pollution index. The ecological risks were also low. However, an assessment of the water quality index revealed that only 58.34% of the groundwater samples had good water quality. The absolute principal component scores-multiple linear regression model was more suited for this study area than the positive matrix factorization model. There were no obvious noncarcinogenic or carcinogenic concerns for all types of receptors according to the values of the total hazard index and total carcinogenic risk. The human activities and the initial geological environment factor (65.85%) was the major source of noncarcinogenic risk (residential children: 87.56%; residential adults: 87.52%; recreational children: 86.77%; and recreational adults: 85.42%), while the industrial activity factor (16.36%) was the major source of carcinogenic risk (residential receptors: 87.96%; and recreational receptors: 68.73%). These findings provide fundamental and crucial information for reducing the health issues caused by heavy metal(loid)s contamination of groundwater in arid areas.

疏勒河流域地下水重金属(样态)多重评价、来源确定及健康风险评价
全球生态系统和公众健康受到水中重金属(样物质)积累的严重影响。为了预防和管理潜在的地下水重金属污染,需要进行特定来源的风险分摊。疏勒河流域地下水重金属污染状况、水质、生态风险及健康风险分摊等研究尚不清楚。为此,对疏勒河流域地下水中重金属的水质及风险进行了野外采样研究。在研究区共采集96个样本,获取水质和重金属(样物质)风险数据。疏勒河流域地下水中存在明显的铁富集现象。通过污染程度、重金属评价指数、重金属污染指数和内梅罗污染指数进行评价,认为污染水平为中低水平。生态风险也很低。但水质指标评价显示,水质良好的地下水样本仅占58.34%。绝对主成分分数-多元线性回归模型比正矩阵分解模型更适合本研究领域。根据总危害指数和总致癌风险值,所有类型的受体均无明显的非致癌性或致癌性问题。人类活动和初始地质环境因素(65.85%)是主要的非致癌危险源(居住儿童:87.56%;居住成年人:87.52%;休闲儿童:86.77%;休闲成人占85.42%),而工业活动因素(16.36%)是主要的致癌危险源(居住受体占87.96%;娱乐性受体:68.73%)。这些发现为减少干旱地区地下水重金属污染引起的健康问题提供了基础和关键信息。
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来源期刊
Journal of Arid Land
Journal of Arid Land ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES-
CiteScore
4.70
自引率
6.70%
发文量
768
审稿时长
3.2 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Arid Land is an international peer-reviewed journal co-sponsored by Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Science Press. It aims to meet the needs of researchers, students and practitioners in sustainable development and eco-environmental management, focusing on the arid and semi-arid lands in Central Asia and the world at large. The Journal covers such topics as the dynamics of natural resources (including water, soil and land, organism and climate), the security and sustainable development of natural resources, and the environment and the ecology in arid and semi-arid lands, especially in Central Asia. Coverage also includes interactions between the atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and lithosphere, and the relationship between these natural processes and human activities. Also discussed are patterns of geography, ecology and environment; ecological improvement and environmental protection; and regional responses and feedback mechanisms to global change. The Journal of Arid Land also presents reviews, brief communications, trends and book reviews of work on these topics.
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