Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Water Use Efficiency of Potato Under Irrigation and Fertilizer Regimes, Eastern Ethiopia

IF 1.2 4区农林科学 Q3 AGRONOMY

American Journal of Potato Research Pub Date : 2023-11-20 DOI:10.1007/s12230-023-09919-1

Ashenafi Woldeselassie, Nigussie Dechassa, Yibekal Alemayehu, Tamado Tana, Bobe Bedadi

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Abstract

Low soil moisture content and soil fertility are the major problems constraining productivity of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) in the eastern highlands of Ethiopia. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of drip irrigation regimes and fertilizer rates on tuber yield, as well as nitrogen, phosphorus, and water use efficiencies of potato during the off-season of 2019/2020. The experiment was laid out as a split-plot design with three replications. Three levels of irrigation regimes, viz. 50%, 75% and 100% (full) of ETc were assigned to the main plots. Seven rates of fertilizer [control; 65 kg N + 242 kg NPS ha⁻¹(recommended rate); 50% of the recommended N + 75% of the recommended NPS along with 10 ton FYM ha⁻¹; 75% of the recommended N + 50% of the recommended NPS along with 10 ton FYM ha⁻¹; 75% of the recommended rate of N and NPS along with 5 ton FYM ha⁻¹; 75% of the recommended rate of N and NPS along with 10 ton FYM ha⁻¹ and 111 kg N + 92 kg P2O5 ha⁻¹] were assigned to the sub-plots. The results indicated that the optimum total tuber yield (48.38-ton ha⁻¹) and marketable tuber yield (47.80 ton ha⁻¹) were obtained in response to the application of 75% of the recommended rate of N and NPS along with 5 ton FYM ha⁻¹ together with 75% ETc. These total and marketable tuber yields exceeded the total and marketable tuber yield obtained in response to 50% ETc together with no fertilizer application by about four-fold. The above-mentioned treatment combination also resulted in the optimum agronomic nitrogen and phosphorus use efficiencies. Water use efficiency was improved by 3 kg m⁻³ in response to the application of 75% of the recommended rates of N and NPS along with 5-ton FYM ha⁻¹ together with 50% ETc compared to the same rate of the fertilizer treatment combined with 100% ETc. It is concluded that application of 75% ETc combined with 75% of the recommended rate of N and NPS along with 10 ton FYM ha⁻¹ increased potato yield, water productivity and N and P use efficiencies in Haramaya district.

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埃塞俄比亚东部灌溉和施肥制度下马铃薯氮、磷和水分利用效率

埃塞俄比亚东部高地土壤含水量和肥力偏低是制约马铃薯生产的主要问题。为此，通过田间试验，研究了2019/2020年淡季滴灌制度和施肥量对马铃薯块茎产量以及氮、磷和水分利用效率的影响。该实验采用了三次重复的分割图设计。在主要地块上分配了三个等级的灌溉制度，即50%、75%和100%(全部)ETc。七种肥料用量[控制;65 kg N + 242 kg NPS ha - 1(推荐用量);50%的推荐N + 75%的推荐NPS以及10吨FYM ha−1;75%的推荐N + 50%的推荐NPS以及10吨FYM ha−1;75%的N和NPS推荐用量以及5吨FYM ha - 1;分配75%的N和NPS推荐施用量以及10吨FYM ha - 1和111 kg N + 92 kg P2O5 ha - 1]。结果表明，施用75%推荐施氮量和NPS + 5 t FYM + 75% ETc，可获得最佳块茎总产量(48.38 tha - 1)和可销块茎产量(47.80 tha - 1)。这些块茎总产量和可销售块茎产量比在不施肥的情况下施用50% ETc所获得的块茎总产量和可销售块茎产量高出约4倍。上述处理组合的氮磷素农艺利用率最高。施用75%推荐氮肥和NPS、5吨化肥ha - 1和50% ETc时，水分利用效率比施用相同比例的化肥和100% ETc时提高了3 kg m - 3。综上所述，75% ETc配75% N和NPS推荐施用量，加上10吨FYM ha - 1，可提高原玛雅地区马铃薯产量、水分生产力和氮磷利用效率。

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来源期刊

American Journal of Potato Research 农林科学-农艺学

CiteScore

3.40

自引率

6.70%

发文量

审稿时长

18-36 weeks

期刊介绍： The American Journal of Potato Research (AJPR), the journal of the Potato Association of America (PAA), publishes reports of basic and applied research on the potato, Solanum spp. It presents authoritative coverage of new scientific developments in potato science, including biotechnology, breeding and genetics, crop management, disease and pest research, economics and marketing, nutrition, physiology, and post-harvest handling and quality. Recognized internationally by contributors and readership, it promotes the exchange of information on all aspects of this fast-evolving global industry.