Spatiotemporal variability of wave climate in the Gulf of Riga

IF 2.6 3区 地球科学 Q2 OCEANOGRAPHY
Fatemeh Najafzadeh , Mikolaj Z. Jankowski , Andrea Giudici , Rain Männikus , Ülo Suursaar , Maija Viška , Tarmo Soomere
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Basic properties of wind wave climate in the Gulf of Riga, the Baltic Sea, are evaluated based on modelled wave fields, instrumentally measured and historical visually observed wave properties. Third-generation spectral wave model SWAN is applied to the entire Baltic Sea for 1990–2021 with a spatial resolution of 3 nautical miles (nmi, about 5.5 km) forced by the wind field of ERA5, to the Gulf of Riga and its entrance area with a resolution of 1 nmi (about 1.85 km), and to nearshore areas of this gulf with a resolution of 0.32 nmi (about 600 m). The calculations are performed for an idealised ice-free climate. Wave properties are represented by 36 directional and 32 frequency bins. The simulations are complemented by five sessions of instrumental measurements in the 2000s and two sets of historical visual wave observations from the island of Ruhnu and the Sõrve Peninsula for 1954–2011. Predominantly representing fetch-limited windseas, the wave climate in the gulf is milder and more intermittent than in the open Baltic Sea. The average significant wave height is mostly in the range of 0.6–0.8 m and peaks at 0.82 m inside the gulf. Typical wave periods are shorter than in the Baltic proper. The spatial pattern of wave heights, with higher wave intensity in the northern and eastern parts of the basin, follows anisotropy in wind conditions. Interannual variations are highly synchronised in different parts of the gulf. Their magnitude is less than 10% of the long-term average wave height. No long-term trend has been found in significant wave height and no distinct decadal variation exists inside the gulf.

里加湾波浪气候的时空变异
根据模拟波场、仪器测量和历史观测的波浪特性,对波罗的海里加湾风浪气候的基本特性进行了评价。第三代谱波模式SWAN应用于1990-2021年整个波罗的海,在ERA5风场的强迫下,空间分辨率为3海里(nmi,约5.5公里),里加湾及其入口区域的分辨率为1海里(约1.85公里),以及该海湾近岸地区的分辨率为0.32海里(约600米)。计算是在理想的无冰气候下进行的。波的性质由36个方向和32个频率表示。2000年代的五次仪器测量和1954-2011年间Ruhnu岛和Sõrve半岛的两组历史视觉波观测补充了这些模拟。海湾的波浪气候比开阔的波罗的海更温和,也更断断续续,主要代表着有限的风海。平均有效波高多在0.6 ~ 0.8 m之间,海湾内最高为0.82 m。典型的波浪周期比波罗的海短。盆地北部和东部波强较高的波高空间分布符合风条件的各向异性。海湾不同地区的年际变化高度同步。它们的震级不到长期平均波高的10%。没有发现显著波高的长期趋势,海湾内没有明显的年代际变化。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Oceanologia
Oceanologia 地学-海洋学
CiteScore
5.30
自引率
6.90%
发文量
63
审稿时长
146 days
期刊介绍: Oceanologia is an international journal that publishes results of original research in the field of marine sciences with emphasis on the European seas.
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