Global warming could shorten the seed lifespan of pioneer tree species and thus natural regeneration window of damaged areas

IF 2.6 2区 农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY
Katharina Tiebel, Johannes Dahlmann, Antje Karge
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Abstract

Prolonged periods without precipitation in spring prevent timely and rapid germination of pioneer tree seeds and could lead to an accelerated loss of germination capacity (reduced lifespan). To get knowledge about the shortening of seed lifespan and, thus, the shortening of natural regeneration windows under climate change, an experiment was conducted. Seeds of Alnus glutinosa, Betula pendula, Populus tremula, Salix caprea, Larix decidua, Pinus sylvestris, and Picea abies were exposed to temperatures of 15 °C, 25 °C (past or present climate), and 40 °C (future climate) with low or high humidity for a period of 3 months. Regardless of air humidity, the initial germination percentage of Alnus glutinosa, Betula pendula, Larix decidua, and Pinus sylvestris seeds decreased only slightly by 5–15% over the 91-day period when stored at 15 °C and 25 °C. For Populus tremula and Salix caprea, time windows of maximum 14–49 days and 42–91 days were identified, respectively.

However, as climate change progresses with rising temperatures and increasing absolute air humidity values, the window of opportunity for successful germination will shorten for all studied tree species. In the moist air humidity variant of 40 °C, the germination percentage dropped to 0% after 42 days for Alnus glutinosa, Betula pendula, and Larix decidua. The natural regeneration window will be reduced by half from more than three months to about three weeks under climate change. The lifespan of Populus tremula and Salix caprea seeds will be shortened to 1 week. For Picea abies, the time window will shorten to a maximum of 28 days.

Abstract Image

全球变暖会缩短先锋树种的种子寿命,从而缩短受损地区的自然更新窗口
春季长时间无降水不利于先锋树种子的及时和快速发芽,并可能导致发芽能力的加速丧失(寿命缩短)。为了解气候变化下种子寿命缩短及自然更新窗口缩短的原因,进行了试验研究。将白杨(Alnus glutinosa)、白桦(Betula pendula)、白杨(Populus tremula)、白柳(Salix caprea)、落叶落叶松(Larix decidua)、西洋松(Pinus sylvestris)和云杉(Picea abies)的种子分别暴露在15°C、25°C(过去或现在气候)和40°C(未来气候)的低湿度或高湿环境下3个月。无论空气湿度如何,在15°C和25°C条件下,91 d内,粘桤木、白桦、落叶松和西林松种子的初始发芽率仅略有下降5-15%。白杨和黄柳的最长时间窗分别为14 ~ 49 d和42 ~ 91 d。然而,随着气候变化的进展,温度的升高和绝对空气湿度的增加,所有研究树种成功发芽的机会之窗将缩短。在40℃的湿空气湿度变化条件下,42 d后,粘桤木、白桦和落叶松的发芽率降至0%。在气候变化的影响下,自然再生窗口期将从3个多月减少到3周左右,减少一半。白杨和羊柳种子寿命缩短至1周。对于云杉,时间窗口将缩短到最多28天。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.10
自引率
3.60%
发文量
77
审稿时长
6-16 weeks
期刊介绍: The European Journal of Forest Research focuses on publishing innovative results of empirical or model-oriented studies which contribute to the development of broad principles underlying forest ecosystems, their functions and services. Papers which exclusively report methods, models, techniques or case studies are beyond the scope of the journal, while papers on studies at the molecular or cellular level will be considered where they address the relevance of their results to the understanding of ecosystem structure and function. Papers relating to forest operations and forest engineering will be considered if they are tailored within a forest ecosystem context.
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