Bianca Maria Domingues , Paulo Henrique Viana Pinto , Antônio do Rêgo Castelo Branco Filho , Ricardo Henrique Alves da Silva
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Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to verify the application of linear, angular and area measurements using lateral teleradiography to estimate sex in a sample of the Brazilian population.
Material and Methods Linear, angular and area measurements were performed on 320 lateral teleradiographs equally distributed between sexes. For the analyses, eight cephalometric points (glabella, orbitale, sella, basion, porion, nasion, anterior nasal spine and posterior nasal spine) were considered. Lateral teleradiography of participants aged 20–40 years was included. Examinations with trauma or cranial pathologies, changes in bone development, or artifacts that made it impossible to adequately visualize the regions of interest were excluded. Landmarks were identified using ImageJ® software version 1.52a (National Institute of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA).
Results Data were organized in Microsoft© Excel© 365 software version 2204 (Microsoft Corp., Redmond, WA, USA) spreadsheets and statistically analyzed using the RStudio software version 2023.06.0+421 (R foundation, Vienna, Austria). After removing outliers, 252 exams (127 of males and 125 of females) comprised the sample. Two angular measurements (glabella-nasion-sella and porion-orbitale-glabella) and one area measurement (sella-nasion-orbitale-porion) were related to the sex variable and were used to develop a binary logistic regression (BLR) model. In the training sample, sex was estimated with accuracy of 82.14 %. In the test sample (20 % of the sample, 64 teleradiographs), the model showed accuracy of 84.38 %.
Conclusion The BLR model developed proved to be useful for estimating sex in the evaluated sample.
性别估计通过侧面头测量分析在巴西样本使用二元逻辑回归模型
目的:本研究的目的是验证在巴西人口样本中使用横向放射成像的线性、角度和面积测量来估计性别的应用。材料与方法对两性平均分布的320张侧位x线片进行线性、角度和面积测量。在分析中,考虑了8个头测点(眉间、眶、鞍、基底、部分、鼻鼻、鼻前棘和鼻后棘)。包括年龄在20-40岁的参与者的侧位放射远程摄影。排除创伤或颅脑病变、骨发育改变或假影导致无法充分观察感兴趣区域的检查。使用ImageJ®软件版本1.52a (National Institute of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA)识别地标。结果数据采用Microsoft©Excel©365软件版本2204 (Microsoft Corp., Redmond, WA, USA)电子表格进行整理,使用RStudio软件版本2023.06.0+421 (R foundation, Vienna, Austria)进行统计分析。在剔除异常值后,252个测试(127个男性和125个女性)组成了样本。两个角度测量值(眉间-鼻-鞍和部分-眶-眉间)和一个面积测量值(鞍-鼻-眶-孔)与性别变量相关,并用于建立二元逻辑回归(BLR)模型。在训练样本中,性别估计准确率为82.14%。在测试样本中(占样本的20%,64台远摄相机),该模型的准确率为84.38%。结论所建立的BLR模型可用于评估样本的性别。
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