Installation of the developing nephron in the fetal human kidney during advanced pregnancy.

IF 2.4 Q1 PEDIATRICS
Will W Minuth
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Abstract

Background: The kidneys of preterm and low birth weight babies reflect vulnerability, since several noxae can evoke the termination of nephron formation. This again leads to oligonephropathy with severe consequences for health in the later life. While the clinical parameters have been intensely investigated, only little is known about the initial traces left by the noxae. For the fetal human kidney, solely the lack of basophilic S-shaped bodies and the reduction in width of the nephrogenic zone were registered. It is not known in how far also the involved progenitor cells, the earlier nephron stages, the collecting duct (CD) ampullae, and the local interstitium are collaterally harmed.

Aim: The interstitium at the forming nephron is heterogeneously structured. Thereby, it fulfills quite different mastering and integrative tasks. Since data dealing with the installation of a nephron is not available, the microanatomical features were recorded.

Results: The microscopic specimens show that the installation of the transient stages of nephron anlage is not synchronized. Instead, it is controlled within a nephrogenic compartment of the nephrogenic zone. It starts near the renal capsule by positioning the nephrogenic niche so that the nephrogenic progenitor cells face the epithelial progenitor cell at the tip of a CD ampulla. Then, the induced nephrogenic progenitor cells assimilate in the pretubular aggregate. While its medial part remains opposite the head of the CD ampulla, at its proximal end, the primitive renal vesicle is formed. Only a part of it separates to stick to the section border between the head and conus of the CD ampulla. This marks the link with the future connecting tubule at the distal pole of the extending renal vesicle. Meanwhile, the proximal pole is mounted next to the connecting tubule of an earlier developed nephron. The resulting two-point mounting serves a common elongation of the conus at the CD ampulla and the medial aspect of the comma-shaped body. In the S-shaped body, it supports to defoliate the arising glomerulus and to link it with the perforating radiate artery at its deep lateral aspect.

Conclusions: The investigation depicts that the installation is an interactive process between the stages of nephron anlage and its structural neighbors. A special meaning has the interjacent interstitium. It is vital for the positioning, shaping, and physiological integration. Due to its special location, this is mainly exposed to noxae.

妊娠晚期胎儿肾脏中正在发育的肾元的安装。
背景:早产儿和低出生体重儿的肾脏反映出脆弱性,因为一些因素可以引起肾元形成的终止。这再次导致少肾病,对晚年的健康造成严重后果。虽然临床参数已被深入研究,但对诺科菌留下的初始痕迹知之甚少。对于胎儿肾,仅记录到嗜碱性s形体的缺乏和肾源区宽度的减小。目前尚不清楚受累的祖细胞、早期肾元阶段、壶腹集管和局部间质在多大程度上也受到连带损害。目的:肾元形成处间质结构不均匀。因此,它完成了完全不同的掌握和综合任务。由于没有处理肾元安装的数据,因此记录了显微解剖特征。结果:显微标本显示肾元标本瞬态阶段的安装不同步。相反,它被控制在肾源区肾源室内。它从肾包膜附近开始,定位肾源性生态位,使肾源性祖细胞面对位于壶腹顶端的上皮祖细胞。然后,诱导的肾原性祖细胞在肾小管前聚集体中同化。虽然其内侧部分仍然相对于壶腹头部,但在其近端形成了原始肾小泡。它只有一部分分离,粘在CD壶腹头部和圆锥之间的截面边界上。这标志着与延伸的肾小泡远端未来连接小管的连接。同时,近极被安装在早期发育的肾元的连接小管旁边。由此产生的两点安装服务于在CD壶腹和逗号形体的内侧锥体的共同延伸。在s型体中,它支持起生肾小球的脱落,并在其深外侧将其与穿孔辐射动脉连接起来。结论:研究表明,肾元移植是肾元移植与其相邻结构阶段之间的相互作用过程。有一个特殊的意思是间质。它对定位、塑形和生理整合至关重要。由于其特殊的位置,它主要暴露在空气中。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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