Measurement of negative symptoms in schizophrenia.

Psychiatric developments Pub Date : 1989-01-01
J de Leon, W H Wilson, G M Simpson
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Abstract

This article focuses on the measurement of 'negative symptoms'. Standardized scales used to rate negative symptoms are reviewed and compared, as are the individual items which comprise them. The overlap of negative symptoms, akinesia, and depression is explored, and means are suggested to improve the precision of defining and measuring negative symptoms. Flat affect is the only item present in all negative symptom scales and may overlap with depression and akinesia. Inappropriate affect and attentional disturbance should not be considered negative symptoms. Poverty of speech and anhedonia lack unified definitions, and in some scales, they can also be confounded with depression and akinesia. The psychometric properties of most scales have not been sufficiently studied. The lack of long-term studies of stability of the supposedly enduring negative symptoms is especially worrisome. Carpenter's deficit syndrome consisting of non-secondary negative symptoms lasting more than one year is a promising new step to try and address some of these problems.

精神分裂症阴性症状的测量
本文的重点是“阴性症状”的测量。对用于评定阴性症状的标准化量表以及构成这些量表的个别项目进行审查和比较。探讨了阴性症状、运动障碍和抑郁的重叠,并提出了提高阴性症状定义和测量精度的方法。消极情绪是所有消极症状量表中唯一存在的项目,可能与抑郁和运动障碍重叠。不恰当的影响和注意力障碍不应被视为阴性症状。语言障碍和快感缺乏症缺乏统一的定义,在某些尺度上,它们也可能与抑郁症和运动障碍混淆。大多数量表的心理测量特性还没有得到充分的研究。尤其令人担忧的是,缺乏对所谓持久阴性症状稳定性的长期研究。由非继发性阴性症状持续一年以上组成的卡朋特氏缺陷综合征是尝试解决这些问题的一个有希望的新步骤。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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