Factores pronósticos de recurrencia y supervivencia en tumores del estroma gastrointestinal. Experiencia del Hospital de Oncología Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social

Abstract

Introduction

Gastrointestinal stroma tumours are mesenchymal lesions derived from Cajal interstitial cells. The most effective treatment in primary localised disease is surgery. With imatinib as neoadjuvant treatment in high-risk lesions or metastatic disease, 5-year survival has increased to nearly 80%. The purpose of this work is to analyse prognostic factors that determine recurrence and disease-free survival in this type of tumour.

Material and methods

Observational, retrospective, longitudinal study of patients from the Oncology Hospital, CMN Siglo XXI, with histological confirmation and surgical treatment of the primary lesion.

Results

Sixty-six patients were identified. The most common tumour site was the stomach (66.6%), followed by small bowel (28.7%), and colon (1.54%). At the time of diagnosis, 7.57% had metastasis: 4.54% (3) in the liver and 3.03% (2) in the peritoneum. The mean size of tumours was 10.84 cm (2.2 to 38 cm). Overall 5-year survival was 82%, and 5-year recurrence-free survival was 61%. In the case of overall survival, the site of the lesion was the only factor showing statistical significance, with P = .0054.

Conclusion

Tumour location and size, number of mitoses, risk group, and adjuvant treatment with imatinib were statistically significant as prognostic factors of disease recurrence. Lesion location was the only factor that showed statistical significance as a prognostic factor of overall survival.